This collection weitten by leading figures in cognitive science includes their lively debates with Dartnall about his call for a new epistemology, an alternative to the standard representational story in cognitive science. Dartnall aims to show that new epistemology is already with us in some leading-edge models of human creativity. Such an epistemology steers a middle road between the representationism of classical cognitive science and a radical anti-representationism that denies the existence or importance of representations.

Dartnall, who debates contributors at each chapter's end, believes that creativity inheres-not only in big ticket items such as plays, poems, or sonatas-but in our ability to produce cognitive content at all, so that representations are the creative products of our knowledge, rather than its passive carriers.