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Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War de Steven Levitsky

Competitive Authoritarianism: Hybrid Regimes after the Cold War: Problems of International Politics

Autor Steven Levitsky, Lucan A. Way
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 15 aug 2010

Nivelul de studiu vizat pentru Competitive Authoritarian este cel de licență avansată, masterat și cercetare doctorală în științe politice. În acest volum de referință publicat de Cambridge University Press, Steven Levitsky și Lucan A. Way propun un cadru analitic riguros pentru înțelegerea regimurilor hibride apărute după Războiul Rece. Observăm că autorii refuză viziunea liniară a tranziției către democrație, concentrându-se pe stabilitatea regimurilor care îmbină instituțiile democratice formale cu exercitarea autoritară a puterii.

Structura narativă a lucrării este construită pe analiza a 35 de studii de caz din regiuni diverse, de la Eurasia post-sovietică la Africa și America Latină. Autorii demonstrează cum costurile externe ale abuzurilor de putere devin prohibitive acolo unde legăturile cu Occidentul sunt profunde, forțând elitele să cedeze puterea. În schimb, acolo unde aceste legături sunt slabe, supraviețuirea regimului depinde de coeziunea aparatului represiv și a partidului de guvernământ.

Acoperă aceeași arie tematică precum Authoritarianism in an Age of Democratization de Jason Brownlee, dar cu o abordare mult mai extinsă geografic și o metodologie care prioritizează influența factorilor internaționali asupra dinamicii interne. În contextul operei lui Steven Levitsky, această carte reprezintă fundamentul teoretic pentru lucrarea sa ulterioară, How Democracies Die. Dacă în volumul de față accentul cade pe geneza și persistența autoritarismului competitiv în state în curs de dezvoltare, lucrările sale mai recente extind aceste avertismente către democrațiile consolidate, analizând aceleași mecanisme de eroziune instituțională.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780521709156
ISBN-10: 0521709156
Pagini: 536
Ilustrații: 2 b/w illus. 20 tables
Dimensiuni: 155 x 234 x 36 mm
Greutate: 0.86 kg
Editura: Cambridge University Press
Colecția Cambridge University Press
Seria Problems of International Politics

Locul publicării:New York, United States

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte oricărui student la Științe Politice sau Relații Internaționale care dorește să înțeleagă de ce prăbușirea dictaturilor nu duce automat la democrație. Cititorul câștigă un instrumentar conceptual clar pentru a descifra politica actuală din spațiul ex-sovietic sau african. Este o lectură esențială pentru a înțelege cum mecanismele democratice pot fi instrumentalizate pentru a menține controlul autoritar, oferind date concrete și tabele comparative detaliate.

Despre autor

Steven Levitsky este profesor de guvernanță la Universitatea Harvard, fiind unul dintre cei mai influenți politologi contemporani specializați în studiul regimurilor politice și al democratizării. Cercetările sale s-au concentrat inițial pe America Latină, analizând evoluția partidelor politice și a instituțiilor informale. Expertiza sa este dublată de cea a lui Lucan A. Way, profesor la Universitatea din Toronto, specialist în spațiul post-sovietic. Împreună, au redefinit termenul de „autoritarism competitiv”, lucrarea lor fiind citată extensiv în literatura de specialitate pentru rigoarea cu care analizează zonele gri ale politicii globale.

Descriere scurtă

Based on a detailed study of 35 cases in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and post-communist Eurasia, this book explores the fate of competitive authoritarian regimes between 1990 and 2008. It finds that where social, economic, and technocratic ties to the West were extensive, as in Eastern Europe and the Americas, the external cost of abuse led incumbents to cede power rather than crack down, which led to democratization. Where ties to the West were limited, external democratizing pressure was weaker and countries rarely democratized. In these cases, regime outcomes hinged on the character of state and ruling party organizations. Where incumbents possessed developed and cohesive coercive party structures, they could thwart opposition challenges, and competitive authoritarian regimes survived; where incumbents lacked such organizational tools, regimes were unstable but rarely democratized.

Cuprins

Part I. Introduction and Theory: 1. Introduction; 2. Explaining competitive authoritarian regime trajectories: international linkage and the organizational power of incumbents; Part II. High Linkage and Democratization: Eastern Europe and the Americas: 3. Linkage, leverage, and democratization in Eastern Europe; 4. Linkage, leverage, and democratization in Latin America and the Caribbean; Part III. The Dynamics of Competitive Authoritarianism in Low Linkage Regions: The Former Soviet Union, Africa, and Asia: 5. The evolution of post-Soviet competitive authoritarianism; 6. Africa: transitions without democratization; 7. Diverging outcomes in Asia; 8. Conclusion; Appendix. Measuring competitive authoritarianism and authoritarian stability.

Recenzii

'This landmark contribution to the comparative study of political regimes will be widely read and cited. In an epic act of theoretical synthesis, Levitsky and Way weave careful empirical research on three-dozen countries across five world regions into a convincing account of patterns of regime change. In distinguishing democratic transitions from a range of authoritarian outcomes, they reach nuanced conclusions about the relative explanatory influence of international factors (linkage and leverage) and domestic power politics (rulers versus oppositions). Above all, they help us understand how autocrats learn to live with elections. Strongly recommended.' Michael Bratton, University Distinguished Professor of Political Science and African Studies, Michigan State University
'This is a brilliant and truly pathbreaking book that should be closely studied by any serious student of democracy or comparative politics. Its precise conceptualization, striking theory, rigorous comparative methodology, and breathtaking range of case study evidence distinguish it as the most important study of political regimes and regime transitions in a generation.' Larry Diamond, Stanford University
'Competitive Authoritarianism establishes Steven Levitsky and Lucan Way as the Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan of their generation. In the tradition of Linz and Stepan, Levitsky and Way offer an abundance of theoretical and conceptual innovation as well as a trove of empirical material drawn from broad swaths of the globe. The book is as elegantly written as it is theoretically creative. It is written by and for professional social scientists, yet undergraduates and the attentive public will be able to digest the book's central argument and findings with ease. This is what social science should look like.' M. Steven Fish, University of California, Berkeley
'This is the most anticipated book in comparative politics in more than a decade. Written in a single authorial voice, Levitsky and Way's arguments about the distinct trajectories of competitive authoritarian regimes are theoretically grounded, conceptually nuanced, geographically wide ranging, and empirically well supported. I expect this book to have a major impact on the field for many years to come.' Marc Morjé Howard, Georgetown University
'Levitsky and Way's book makes two major contributions to research on political regime change. First, by developing the notion of competitive authoritarianism, it engages in a sustained effort to provide a clear and theoretically fertile conception of a particular subset of political regimes belonging to the vague class of 'hybrid' regimes. Second, it offers the as yet most sophisticated and subtle effort to interweave domestic and international explanations of political regime change with provocative implications for run-of-the-mill theories, whether based on economic development, inequality, or institutions.' Herbert Kitschelt, Duke University
'Regimes that blend meaningful elections and illicit incumbent advantage are not merely resting points on the road to democracy; Levitsky and Way guide us along the multiple paths these regimes can take and provide powerful reasoning to explain why nations follow these distinct paths. This deeply insightful analysis of an important subset of post-Cold War regimes is conceptually innovative and precise, empirically ambitious, and theoretical agile, moving fluidly between international and domestic causes of regime dynamics. Read it to understand the dynamics of contemporary hybrid regimes; then read it again to appreciate its many lessons for our general understanding of regime change.' David Waldner, University of Virginia
'[Levitsky and Way] have made a rich contribution to [a] growing body of literature. Among the many merits of their book is [their] effort to bring greater clarity to the concept they investigate.' Ergun Özbudun, Turkish Review

Descriere

This book explores the fate of competitive authoritarian regimes in the post-Cold War era.