The late Professor Pao-Lu Hsu's statistical work was primarily concerned with inference in univariate and multivariate linear models and with the associated distribution theory, both exact and asymptotic. This volume contains all of Hsu's mathematical papers published between 1935 and 1970. It comprises 40 articles, and several additional commentaries and discussions of Hsu's work in inference, multivariate analysis, and probability by Lehmann, Anderson, and Chung. Further commentaries, by various authors, have been appended to some of the papers. Hsu's colleagues Kiang and Tuan in Beijing have rewritten their memorial tribute for this occasion.