The primary focus of this book is to provide readers with a comprehensive overview of the recent advances in inflammation, especially in molecular biological and clinical aspects. Chapters contained in this book are written by invited authors from all over the world, who are well-known experts in their respective fields. In the book, chapters discussed include the molecular basis of inflammatory mechanisms, the functional roles of inflammation in diseases and new treatments of anti-inflammation. This book will be useful to all who wish to understand the scientific basis of inflammatory disease.