The cardiovascular system consists of the heart located centrally in the thorax and the vessels of the body which transport blood. The cardiovascular (or circulatory) system supplies oxygen from the air that we inspire, via the lungs to the tissues around the body. It is also responsible for the removal of carbon dioxide via the air that we expire from the lungs. It also supplies the nutrients like amino acids, electrolytes, enzymes, hormones that are important for cellular respiration, immunity and metabolism. The book contains selected information contributed by veterans in this field which describes the latest developments in general and clinical sciences. It covers topics organized under two sections: Cardiovascular Physiology and Cardiovascular Diagnostics.