Point of departure of this essay is current reform processes in the higher education systems of those European countries that have signed and committed to the principles of the Bologna Declaration, also known as the Bologna Process. The final goal of the Bologna Process is to harmonize the higher education systems of the participating countries into one common area - the European Higher Education Area by 2010. The purpose of this essay is to describe how successful the introduction of the Bologna structure is in Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as to highlight the problems that occur in the implementation process at two levels: the first level is the policy sphere at state level and the second is at Universities of Sarajevo and Banja Luka.