Biophysical models, such as Monteith, Prestley-Taylor, and Ball-Berry models, are widely applied in modern ecosystem studies and remote sensing modeling on carbon and water cycles. This monograph is the first comprehensive publication for ecosystem ecologists to grasp a suite of popular models and their applications in terrestrial ecosystem analysis. The text covers popular biophysical models and model comparisons on ecosystem production (GPP, NPP, and NEP), photosynthesis, respiration, evapotranspiration (ET), energy fluxes, and major trace gases. Each chapter includes a brief introduction of the theoretical foundation for modeling, a short description for each model, and synthetic comparisons of the models, and recommendations for model selection. Examples from case studies are also provided for the readers to understand the models and their uses.