Astronomy as a branch of science refers to the study of celestial bodies like planets, stars, galaxies, asteroids, etc. and the processes that take place in the universe. Astrophysics is a sub-field of astronomy which uses the elements of physics and chemistry to study the nature of heavenly bodies like extra solar planets, cosmic wave background, sun, stars, etc. This book will discuss in detail the principles of both of these branches. It will bring forth some of the most innovative concepts and elucidate the unexplored aspects of this field. Different approaches, evaluations, methodologies and advanced studies on these subjects have been included in this text. It also consists of contributions made by scientists from across the globe. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book. It will prove to be a beneficial text for astrophysicists, astronomists, climatologists, researchers and students.