The U.S. Department of Transportation's Intelligent Vehicle Initiative is focused on improving the safety of the nation's highways through the continued development and deployment of advanced-technology crash avoidance systems. This research supports the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration in developing performance specifications for stop sign/traffic signal violations and insufficient gap warning systems (e.g., left turn across path). Crash data for the analysis were obtained from the 1999-2000 Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) crash databases. The FARS contains information on all fatal crashes involving a motor vehicle traveling on a public trafficway in the United States.