This compilation comprises eight chapters that each present a particular advancement in engineering research. Chapter One describes four theories of heat transfer analysis and optimization and analyzes the positive and negative aspects of each theory. Chapter Two presents some of the main maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms and evaluates some of them through a MatLab/Simulink® platform. Chapter Three discusses eye tracking technology, one of the most direct and continuous measures of attention, and its potential applications in manufacturing environments. Chapter Four focuses on the fundamentals of model predictive control and its application to multiphase electric drives for use in electric vehicles. Chapter Five presents a systematic design of a fully differential Gain-Boosted telescopic amplifier. Chapter Six deals with a method for evaluating the fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination of assembly line workers using eye-tracking technology. Similarly, the seventh chapter proposes a method of using eye-tracking technology to help understand the underlying cognitive processes of participants tasked with answering computer science questions. Finally, the eighth chapter addresses two popular problems in mechanical engineering from an inverse problem perspective.