Advanced desalination technologies are illustrated in this book with the help of comprehensive information. The term "desalination", in its widest sense, means the removal of dissolved, suspended, visible and invisible impurities from seawater, brackish water and wastewater. The aim of desalination is to make water drinkable or pure enough for industrial applications such as in the processes for the generation of steam, power, pharmaceuticals and microelectronics, or simply for attaining acceptable qualities for discharge back into the environment. This book focuses on Membranes and Systems, Solar Desalination, Reverse Osmosis Process Chemistry and Control, Drinking Water Quality, and Selective Waste Product Removal, presenting a landscape to students, teachers and practitioners. The technologies of desalination of water are developing as quickly as the cry of humankind for more accessibility of quality water supply along with reducing environmental pollution. Contributions to the knowledge-base of desalination are expected to keep growing rapidly in the forthcoming years.