The automotive industry has long been searching for efficient ways to improve vehicle performance such as fuel consumption and emissions. Today, by developing computer/software technologies, automotive manufacturers are moving more and more towards modelling a real component in a software domain (virtual prototype). The objective of this book is to develop and validate physics-based powertrain models with sufficient fidelity to be useful to the automotive industry for rapid prototyping. Developing a physics-based powertrain model that can accurately simulate real phenomenon in the powertrain components is of great importance. Therefore, the powertrain design can be explored and validated virtually in the software domain to reduce the cost and time of product development.