Water is the most abundant resource on our planet, but fresh water is scarce. The need of fresh, useful and drinkable water is increasing rapidly but the resources are not. Thus, water resource planning and management is an important process. It refers to the proper management, planning, distribution and treatment of water so that it is used in an optimum way. It is a pivotal part of water-cycle management. The aim of this book is to provide in-depth knowledge about the processes of water resource management and planning. It presents topics, which are of utmost importance and bound to provide incredible insights to readers.