William Edward Burghardt "W. E. B." Du Bois (February 23, 1868 - August 27, 1963) was an American sociologist, historian, civil rights activist, Pan-Africanist, author and editor. Born in Great Barrington, Massachusetts, Du Bois grew up in a relatively tolerant and integrated community. After graduating from Harvard, where he was the first African American to earn a doctorate, he became a professor of history, sociology and economics at Atlanta University. Du Bois was one of the co-founders of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909. In this book: The Souls of Black Folk, 1903 The Negro problem, 1898 The Negro, 1903 The Conservation of Races, 1897 The Quest of the Silver Fleece: A Novel, 1911