The sub branch of geology which focuses on analyzing the crystal structure, physical characteristics and chemical properties of various minerals and mineralized artifacts is known as mineralogy. This includes the study of processes involved in the formation, classification, geographical distribution and utilization of minerals. The discipline classifies minerals into various categories such as carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, silicates, oxides, halides, etc. These are studied using a wide variety of techniques like X-ray diffraction, photon induced X-ray emission spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet spectroscopy and X-ray fluorescence. Some of the key processes which are studied within this field are sublimation from volcanic gases, deposition of aqueous solutions, crystallization of lava and recrystallization. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex theories and principles in the field of mineralogy. It aims to shed light on some of the unexplored aspects of mineralogy. Those in search of information to further their knowledge will be greatly assisted by this book.