The farming of fish, molluscs, crustaceans, aquatic plants and algae is referred to as aquaculture. It involves the cultivation of both freshwater and saltwater populations under controlled conditions. Some of the various branches of aquaculture are mariculture, fish farming, shrimp farming, algaculture and oyster farming. Mariculture refers to the aquaculture which takes place in underwater habitats and marine environments. There are diverse methods within aquaculture where farming of aquatic plants is integrated with fish farming. These methods include integrated multi-trophic aquaculture and aquaponics. The practice of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture involves the recycling of wastes from one species as the inputs for another species. This book attempts to understand the multiple branches that fall under the discipline of aquaculture and how such concepts have practical applications. Some of the diverse topics covered herein address the varied branches that fall under this category. This book will serve as a valuable source of reference for those interested in this field.