Once known as 'The Pearl of Africa', Uganda has, over the last 50 years, suffered the notoriety of rule by dictator Idi Amin, of economic collapse, and of systematic human rights abuses. Yet today, Uganda is widely viewed as an inspirational economic success story, and as a symbol of a more vibrant, successful Africa. This Country Profile provides a concise account of Uganda's historical and political background, and traces the growth of modern Uganda, where pioneering and imaginative responses to poverty and political pluralism are contrasted with the devastating effects of continuing internal conflicts. Throughout the book, Ugandan people speak for themselves on such issues as dealing with conflict; the effects of the universal primary education program; and innovative projects to combat HIV and AIDS.