This book presents current research in the study of the anatomy, ecology and conservation of turtles. Topics discussed in this compilation include the accumulation and tissue distribution of metals and other elements in sea turtles across the globe as bioindicators of marine pollution; the pathological findings and causes of mortality of sea turtles in the Canary Islands; the painted turtle as a model of natural anoxia tolerance; the evolutionary history of turtles and responses of freshwater turtles to drought.