Dissatisfaction with results of combined cancer treatment determines relevance and availability of new trends, such as development of immuno(bio)therapy methods. However, high theoretical and experimental anti-tumour potential of cancer immuno(bio)therapy have yet to find its clinical confirmation. One of the basic reasons for unsatisfactory treatment results and poor forecast is considered to be late disease diagnostics. Nanomedicine seems to be a way out of this situation. This book discusses efforts being made to develop a method for trace elements voltammeter control in biological substances for targeted cancer diagnostics, as well as finding the role of trace elements imbalance in oncological patients and human tumour cell lines as a base of elaboration of approaches to cancer targeted diagnostics and therapy.