Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of the phylum Apicomplexa, Coccidia order, being an obligate intracellular protozoan that affects humans and diverse vertebrate hosts. In this book, the authors discuss its prevalence in humans and animals, genetic structure and role in disease distribution. Topics include the congenital transmission of toxoplasma gondii in ovine; the role of chickens in the transmission of toxoplasmosis to humans; updates on the serological and molecular diagnosis of toxoplasmosis; epidemiology and control of toxoplasmosis in dogs, cats, bovine, and in public health.