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Threats: Intimidation and Its Discontents de David P. Barash

Threats: Intimidation and Its Discontents

Autor David P. Barash
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 10 dec 2020

Publicul țintă pentru acest volum este format din studenți la psihologie și științe politice, cercetători în biologie evoluționistă și practicieni din domeniul securității naționale. Aceștia vor găsi în paginile cărții o analiză riguroasă a modului în care amenințarea — de la semnalele biologice oneste la cacealmaua strategică — modelează interacțiunile umane și animale. Ne-a atras atenția modul în care David P. Barash refuză să trateze amenințarea doar ca pe un instrument politic, ancorând-o în mecanismele supraviețuirii speciilor. Subliniem rigoarea cu care este demontată teoria descurajării nucleare, autorul argumentând că răspunsul prin contra-amenințare agravează riscurile în loc să le diminueze. Stilul narativ îmbină erudiția literară cu datele din zoologie, oferind o perspectivă interdisciplinară rară. Apreciem în mod deosebit capitolele dedicate „fricii de celălalt” și modului în care internalizarea amenințărilor duce la ascensiunea populismului naționalist. Alternativă la Deterrence de Anastasia Filippidou pentru cursurile de relații internaționale, lucrarea de față are avantajul de a integra psihologia comportamentală și biologia, oferind o explicație structurală pentru eșecul politicilor bazate pe intimidare. Spre deosebire de abordările pur tehnice, Barash chestionează etica comunicării și limitele raționalității în situații de conflict extrem.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780190055295
ISBN-10: 0190055294
Pagini: 248
Dimensiuni: 239 x 155 x 25 mm
Greutate: 0.45 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press
Colecția OUP USA
Locul publicării:New York, United States

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte oricărui cititor interesat de mecanismele puterii și ale fricii. Veți câștiga o înțelegere profundă a modului în care biologia ne influențează deciziile politice și sociale. Este o lectură esențială pentru a înțelege de ce strategiile de intimidare eșuează adesea și cum putem folosi comunicarea mai înțelept pentru a evita scenarii distructive, de la conflicte interpersonale la catastrofe globale.

Despre autor

David P. Barash este profesor de psihologie și zoologie la University of Washington, fiind o figură centrală în dezvoltarea sociobiologiei. Cu peste 20 de cărți publicate, opera sa explorează intersecția dintre biologie și comportamentul uman. În lucrări precum The Soul Delusion, el a analizat critic concepte metafizice, în timp ce în Madame Bovary's Ovaries a aplicat lentila darwinistă asupra literaturii. În Threats, Barash își folosește expertiza vastă pentru a sintetiza date din domenii aparent divergente, continuându-și misiunea de a explica natura umană prin prisma evoluției.

Descriere

"It's a rare author who can combine literary erudition and an easy fluency of style together with expert knowledge of psychology and evolutionary biology. David Barash adds to all this a far-seeing wisdom and a humane decency that shines through on every page. The concluding section on the senseless and dangerous futility of nuclear deterrence theory is an irrefutable tour de force which should be read by every politician and senior military officer. If only!" -- Richard DawkinsFrom hurricanes and avalanches to diseases and car crashes, threats are everywhere. Beyond objective threats like these, there are also subjective ones: situations in which individuals threaten each other or feel threatened by society. Animals, too, make substantial use of threats. Evolution manipulates threats like these in surprising ways, leading us to question the ethics of honest versus dishonest communication. Rarely acknowledged--and yet crucially important--is the fact that humans, animals, and even plants don't only employ threats, they often respond with counter-threats that ultimately make things worse. By exploring the dynamic of threat and counter-threat, this book expands on many fraught human situations, including the fear of death, of strangers, and of "the other." Each of these leads to unique challenges, such as the specter of eternal damnation, the murderous culture of guns and capital punishment, and the emergence of right-wing nationalist populism. Most worrisome is the illusory security of deterrence, the idea that we can use the threat of nuclear war to prevent nuclear war!Threats are so widespread that we often don't realize how deeply they are ingrained in our minds or how profoundly and counter-productively they operate. Animals, humans, societies, and even countries internalize threats, behind which lie a myriad of intriguing questions: How do we know when to take a threat seriously? When do threats make things worse? Can they make things better? What can we do to use them wisely rather than destructively? In a comprehensive exploration into questions like these, noted scientist David P. Barash explains some of the most important characteristics of life as we know it.

Recenzii

In this erudite yet highly readable book, the author uncovers innumerable flaws inherent in the very notion of nuclear deterrence and reveals why it is doomed to fail. By exposing the futility of nuclear deterrence as a policy, he both amplified my feelings of terror and sparked in me a desire to persuade others of the policy's folly.
We're surrounded by threats, often to our detriment: threats of capital punishment, of hell, imagined threats leading to proliferation of guns and — worst of all — the threat embodied in nuclear deterrence. 'Must read' is a cliché, but this one really is! In accurate yet accessible detail, it lays out the deceptions and dangers of deterrence. It's a bright light of reason, terrific writing, and even a spirit of fun that will open your eyes, stimulate your mind, and maybe even save your life.
It's a rare author who can combine literary erudition and an easy fluency of style together with expert knowledge of psychology and evolutionary biology. David Barash adds to all this a far-seeing wisdom and a humane decency that shines through on every page. The concluding section on the senseless and dangerous futility of nuclear deterrence theory is an irrefutable tour de force which should be read by every politician and senior military officer. If only!
From bared fangs to nuclear deterrence, threat is ever-present in the lives of animals, including those animals called human beings. With scintillating prose infused with deep biological knowledge, David Barash takes us on a gripping journey into the role of risk and intimidation in the lives of living things. But Threats is not only a description of the darker side of animal life. It's a call to move beyond domination by violence and fear to secure a better, safer, and saner future for humanity.
This brilliant book compares how animals and humans alike respond to dangers, ending with the existential threat of nuclear war. The arcane and deviant logic of deterrence that justifies and now threatens extermination literally took my breath away. If you love life and if you love this planet, you need to read this book and understand how primitive naivete and obeisance to the power of certain alpha males and their absurd testosterone-fueled aggressive ruthlessness has led too many people to accept these appalling dictates. I ended the book with the clear understanding that it is urgent for everyone--and women in particular--to step up and displace deviant threats with a commitment to nurturance and sanity.
Only the charmingly naïve think that communication is just for exchanging information -- instead, it's as much about disinformation. David Barash explores the communication of threat as a deterrent -- both among animals and humans - and brilliantly shows the mythic nature of beliefs that the threat of execution can deter crime, or that of nuclear weapons can deter war. Ultimately, this superb, important book shows that our biggest threat is the self-serving perception of imaginary threats by the powerful.
This book is one of those so obviously needed that one wonders why no one before thought to write it. It is lucky for readers that David Barash is the one who did. Barash, the professor you wished you had in college, draws on his knowledge of crustaceans, Monarch butterflies, Kant, Shaw, Bentham, and even Jesus in this fascinating exegesis of the all-too-relevant subject of the threats posed by guns, right-wing populism, racism, and nuclear weapons. As Barash, one of America's most distinguished scientists, wisely observes, 'threats often end up making things worse, for threatener and threatened alike.'
Loved the book. David Barash is an amazing researcher and writer; the timing of his new book could not be more propitious, and his expertise is exactly what we need. The section on deterrence is an especially gripping narrative that will keep you up at night, which is all the more reason for you to read it!
A scientific romp that reveals how threats work and why they are often carried out even when that harms everyone. Fascinating examples, from the strategies of snapping shrimp to whether the death penalty deters crime, set the stage for a powerful argument that threats to use nuclear weapons are likely to result in their use and our annihilation.

Notă biografică

David P. Barash is an evolutionary biologist and Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Washington. He has written more than 280 peer-reviewed articles and forty books. Barash has penned op-eds in the Los Angeles Times, The New York Times, and The Chicago Tribune, as well as numerous pieces in The Chronicle of Higher Education, Nautilus, and aeon.