This book describes the origin of the Pilates method with its principles and foundations idealized by its creator, Joseph H Pilates. Based on his empirical studies and references of great Greek-Roman thinkers, Pilates was inspired to create a method for physical and mental health. Pilates develops a method of physical exercise that benefits all the physiological systems of the human body at all ages. We know that aging is an inevitable process; however, aging with health and liveliness depends on what we do and what we eat. This book discusses among many factors responsible for aging, the genetic and epigenetic factors that can influence in a positive or negative way in this process. The way we are aging, such as changes in healthy habits and the chronic stress that modern life demands of us, may in the future reflect in our physical, mental and spiritual state at a later age. In this way, staying active in old age requires a lifestyle change, regardless of age and physical condition.