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The Grand Design: The Evolution of the International Peace Architecture

Autor Oliver P. Richmond
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 12 iul 2022

Monografia de față, publicată de Oxford University Press, propune o analiză macroscopică a structurilor care susțin ordinea globală, investigând ceea ce Oliver P. Richmond numește „arhitectura internațională de pace” (IPA). Remarcăm rigoarea cu care autorul descompune evoluția acestui sistem în șase etape istorice distincte: de la mecanismul echilibrului de putere din secolul al XIX-lea și internaționalismul liberal post-Versailles, până la decolonizare și actuala etapă digitală, încă nerezolvată. Textul se distinge prin abordarea critică a „păcii liberale”, argumentând că, deși aceasta a redus conflictele interstatale, a eșuat frecvent în a crea stabilitate legitimă în interiorul statelor afectate de război.

Ne-a atras atenția modul în care Richmond poziționează această lucrare în raport cu proiectele sale anterioare. Dacă în The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace and Conflict Studies autorul oferea o privire de ansamblu asupra disciplinelor, iar în Failed Peacemaking analiza stagnarea proceselor de reformă, The Grand Design sintetizează aceste perspective într-o teorie coerentă despre „marea strategie” a ordinii mondiale. Aceasta este o alternativă densă la Palgrave Advances in Peacebuilding pentru cursurile de relații internaționale, cu avantajul că integrează dimensiunea tehnologică și mobilitatea transnațională ca factori de transformare a păcii în secolul XXI. Stilul este academic, dens, însă structura cronologică și teoretică oferă o claritate necesară pentru înțelegerea fragilității acordurilor de pace moderne, dintre care doar o minoritate supraviețuiesc mai mult de câțiva ani.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780190850449
ISBN-10: 0190850442
Pagini: 320
Dimensiuni: 229 x 152 x 31 mm
Greutate: 0.57 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press
Colecția OUP USA
Locul publicării:New York, United States

De ce să citești această carte

Această lucrare este esențială pentru studenții și cercetătorii în relații internaționale care doresc să înțeleagă de ce misiunile de pace contemporane devin adesea „înghețate”. Cititorul câștigă o perspectivă istorică asupra evoluției ordinii globale și o analiză critică a limitelor democrației și capitalismului ca instrumente de pacificare, primind totodată instrumente teoretice pentru a evalua impactul tehnologiei asupra conflictelor viitoare.


Despre autor

Oliver P. Richmond este profesor (Reader) de Relații Internaționale la Universitatea St. Andrews, fiind recunoscut ca unul dintre cei mai influenți teoreticieni contemporani ai studiilor de pace și conflict. Opera sa explorează transformarea discursului despre pace, de la abordările top-down ale secolului trecut la necesitatea unor strategii sensibile la contextul local. Expertiza sa se concentrează pe tensiunea dintre intervenționismul liberal și realitățile politice domestice, temă centrală și în The Grand Design.


Descriere

The guiding principle of peacemaking and peacebuilding over the past quarter century has been "liberal peace": the promotion of democracy, capitalism, law, and respect for human rights. These components represent a historic effort to prevent a reoccurrence of the nationalism, fascism, and economic collapse that led to the World Wars as well as many later conflicts. Ultimately, this strategy has been somewhat successful in reducing war between countries, but it has failed to produce legitimate and sustainable forms of peace at the domestic level. The goals of peacebuilding have changed over time and place, but they have always been built around compromise via processes of intervention aimed at supporting "progress" in conflict-affected countries. They have simultaneously promoted changes in the regional and global order. As Oliver P. Richmond argues in this book, the concept of peace has evolved continuously through several eras: from the imperial era, through the states-system, liberal, and current neoliberal eras of states and markets. It holds the prospect of developing further through the emerging "digital" era of transnational networks, new technologies, and heightened mobility. Yet, as recent studies have shown, only a minority of modern peace agreements survive for more than a few years and many peace agreements and peacebuilding missions have become intractable, blocked, or frozen. This casts a shadow on the legitimacy, stability, and effectiveness of the overall international peace architecture, reflecting significant problems in the evolution of an often violently contested international and domestic order.This book examines the development of the international peace architecture, a "grand design" comprising various subsequent attempts to develop a peaceful international order. Richmond examines six main theoretical-historical stages in this process often addressed through peacekeeping and international mediation, including the balance of power mechanism of the 19th Century, liberal internationalism after World War I, and the expansion of rights and decolonization after World War II. It also includes liberal peacebuilding after the end of the Cold War, neoliberal statebuilding during the 2000s, and an as yet unresolved current "digital" stage. They have produced a substantial, though fragile, international peace architecture. However, it is always entangled with, and hindered by, blockages and a more substantial counter-peace framework. The Grand Design provides a sweeping look at the troubled history of peace processes, peacemaking, peacekeeping, and peacebuilding, and their effects on the evolution of international order. It also considers what the next stage may bring.

Recenzii

With his wide-angle historical lens, Richmond offers critical reflections on the formation and evolution of the international peace architecture. The breadth of his scholarship and the depth of his knowledge are truly impressive.
In this extraordinary book, Oliver Richmond engages with the intellectual traditions of war and peace to closely trace the evolution of the contemporary, layered peace architecture. Richmond provides profound insights into the complex relationship between power and peace, and exposes counter-peace processes, agents, and frameworks that act as blockages of peace. This book offers one of the best efforts of its kind yet, tracing liberal peace's core ideas from the time of Kant's Perpetual Peace to the convulsions of the current vexed moment.
In an ambitious tour-de-force, Oliver Richmond examines the shifting meanings and practices of peace over several centuries. Written by one of the most prolific and influential scholars in the field, The Grand Design reveals how an 'international peace architecture' emerged from the complex entanglement of peace and war during key historical moments.
In this book, Oliver Richmond once again delivers a text that sets the standard for the field. In an account that is both historically comprehensive and conceptually rigorous, The Grand Design highlights a gap in our knowledge and in so doing acknowledges the dilemmas that are inherent in the search for peace.
In The Grand Design, Oliver Richmond succeeds at his stated goal of illuminating the international peace architecture (IPA) at the macro-level.

Notă biografică

Oliver P. Richmond is a Research Professor in International Relations, Peace and Conflict Studies in the Department of Politics at the University of Manchester, UK. He is International Professor at Dublin City University, Ireland, Distinguished Visiting Professor at the University of Tubingen, Germany, and a Visiting Professor at the University of Coimbra, Portugal. His publications include Peace Formation and Political Order in Conflict Affected Societies and Failed Statebuilding. He is editor of the Palgrave book series, Rethinking Peace and Conflict Studies, and co-editor of the journal, Peacebuilding.