There has been considerable increase in the knowledge concern­ ing tear secretion, the ocular surface, and pathophysiologic con­ ditions leading to the dry eye. Much of this new knowledge is not widely appreciated. Although there have been proceedings of symposia published, there is no currently available book of suf­ ficient scope, yet reasonable length, which ties together aspects of this newly acquired knowledge. This textbook is designed to give the ophthalmic practitioner a comprehensive, yet concise, guide­ line concerning the diagnosis and treatment of the dry eye. We have been able to bring together leading researchers to accom­ plish the same. We wish to express our special thanks to the company Dr. Mann Pharma of Berlin without whose generous sponsorship we could not have completed our task. The sponsor­ ship, in bringing together the authors in planning, preparation, and realization of this text, is gratefully acknowledged. Washington/Ulm, March 1992 M. A. Lemp R. Marquardt Contents Introduction 1 Chapter 1 History of the Dry Eye J. Murube . . . . . 3 1 lntroduction 3 2 The Concept of the Dry Eye 5 3 The History of the Causes of the Dry Eye 6 4 The History of the Diagnosis of the Dry Eye 11 5 The History of the Treatment of the Dry Eye 15 6 The Social Response to the Dry Eye 19 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Chapter 2 Functional Morphology of the Conjunctiva J. W. Rohen and E. Lütjen-Drecoll. With 20 Figures and 3 Tables . . . . . . . . . 35 1 Conjunctiva . . . . . . . .