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The Advanced Practitioner de Barry Hill

The Advanced Practitioner: Advanced Clinical Practice

Editat de Barry Hill, Ian Peate, Sadie Diamond-Fox
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 8 sep 2023

În domeniul asistenței medicale moderne, The Advanced Practitioner se impune ca o resursă fundamentală pentru pregătirea la nivel de expert a practicienilor avansați. Subliniem încă de la început rigoarea cu care editorii Barry Hill, Ian Peate și Sadie Diamond-Fox au structurat acest volum în jurul celor patru piloni esențiali definiți de cadrele de competență actuale: practica clinică, educația, cercetarea și leadership-ul. Descoperim aici un parcurs metodic ce pornește de la fundamentele teoretice — fiziologie, farmacologie și fiziopatologie — și avansează spre complexitatea anamnezei și a examenului clinic detaliat.

Remarcăm organizarea logică a conținutului, care nu se limitează la competențele tehnice, ci aprofundează pilonul de leadership și management, oferind soluții practice pentru gestionarea situațiilor dificile și inovarea în mediul clinic. Acolo unde Demystifying and Preparing for Advanced Practice de Jonathan Thomas oferă o privire de ansamblu asupra cerințelor de calificare în diverse profesii, acest volum aprofundează aplicabilitatea clinică și curriculumul specific necesar pentru siguranța pacientului în medii de îngrijire variate.

Poziționată în contextul operei editorului Barry Hill, care a coordonat anterior Long-term Conditions in Adults at a Glance, această lucrare face tranziția de la prezentările sintetice la un cadru de practică extensiv și analitic. Structura capitolelor, care includ rezultate de învățare, întrebări de autoevaluare și glosare, indică o progresie pedagogică clară, transformând textul dintr-un simplu manual într-un instrument activ de mentorat pentru cei care aspiră la roluri de autonomie clinică ridicată.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781119882039
ISBN-10: 1119882036
Pagini: 464
Dimensiuni: 249 x 199 x 24 mm
Greutate: 1.12 kg
Editura: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Colecția Advanced Clinical Practice
Seria Advanced Clinical Practice

Locul publicării:Chichester, United Kingdom

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte oricărui profesionist din sănătate care face tranziția către un rol de Advanced Practitioner. Cititorul câștigă o înțelegere integrată a celor patru piloni de practică, depășind simpla execuție clinică. Este un ghid esențial pentru pregătirea examenelor de competență și pentru implementarea unui model de lucru bazat pe dovezi, leadership și siguranța pacientului în mediile de îngrijire acută sau comunitară.

Despre autor

Barry Hill este un editor și academician recunoscut, cu o activitate vastă în educația medicală și literatură. În calitate de editor pentru publicații de prestigiu și autor al unor lucrări de referință precum „Long-term Conditions in Adults at a Glance”, Hill își folosește experiența didactică de la Universitatea din Melbourne pentru a sintetiza informații clinice complexe. Contribuția sa în seria Advanced Clinical Practice reflectă angajamentul de a oferi resurse riguroase și accesibile pentru noua generație de profesioniști din domeniul sănătății.

Descriere scurtă

An essential text for Advanced Practitioners In The Advanced Practitioner: A Framework for Practice, a team of distinguished Advanced Practitioners (APs) and academics deliver the go-to text for trainee APs, with a strong focus on the four pillars that underpin advanced practice: clinical practice, education, research, and leadership. The patient is at the core of this essential resource, which offers the knowledge required to care safely for people in a variety of care settings, as well as with a range of common and specialised holistic interventions. Readers will also find: * A thorough introduction to the core principles of advanced practice, including the AP curriculum and the principles of physiology, pharmacology, and pathophysiology * Comprehensive exploration of the clinical pillar, including discussions of clinical history taking and physical examination * Practical discussion of the education and research pillars, including an exploration of research principles and education and learning * Discussion of innovation in practice, the leadership pillar, and how to deal with difficult situations Perfect for trainee advanced practitioners, The Advanced Practitioner: A Framework for Practice will also benefit healthcare students and trainee medical associate professionals.

Cuprins

Contributors xviii Preface xxv Acknowledgements xxvii Chapter 1 Advanced Clinical Practice 1 Sadie Diamond-Fox and Vikki-Jo Scott Learning Outcomes 1 Introduction 1 The Concept and History of Advanced-Level Practice 3 Frameworks and Toolkits for Advanced Clinical Practice 3 Ensuring Quality and Governance in Advanced Practice 3 How to Use this Book 5 Conclusion 5 References 7 Further Reading 8 Self-Assessment Questions 8 Glossary 8 Chapter 2 The Advanced Clinical Practice Curriculum 10 Rachael Daw and Ollie Phipps Learning Outcomes 10 Introduction 10 Curriculum Development 12 Understanding the Context of ACP 14 The Clinical Practice Curriculum 14 The Leadership and Management Curriculum 15 The Education Curriculum 15 The Research Curriculum 16 Assessment for ACP 16 Specialist Curriculums, Credentials and Capability Frameworks 18 First Contact Practitioners and Advanced Practitioners - Roadmaps to Practice 19 Supervision and CPD Strategies 19 Conclusion 21 References 22 Further Reading 23 Self-Assessment Questions 24 Glossary 24 Chapter 3 Scope of Practice and Management of Patient Care 25 Ollie Phipps Learning Outcomes 25 Introduction 25 The Multi-Professional Framework (MPFFACP) 26 Governance 27 Legal Issues 27 Regulation Statements of Standards and Code of Conducts 28 Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) 28 Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC) 28 General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC) 28 Scope and Capability 28 Defining Scope of Practice 28 Competency vs Capability 29 Knowledge, Skills and Behaviours 29 Competence 29 Multiprofessional Registrations and Scope of Practice 30 Expanding Scope and Scope Creep 30 Responsibility and Accountability 30 Dunning-Kruger Effect 31 Imposter Syndrome 31 Professional Issues 31 Indemnity 33 Indemnity Insurance 33 Negligence 34 Duty of Care 34 Breach of Duty 34 Causation 34 Mental Health Act 1983 and Sections 35 Mental Capacity Act 36 Ethics 37 Autonomy 37 Non-maleficence 38 Beneficence 38 Justice 38 The Right to Life and the Right to Dignity 38 Consent 39 Gillick Competence 39 Confidentiality 39 Development and Regulation 39 Conclusion 40 References 40 Further Reading 42 Self-Assessment Questions 42 Glossary 43 Chapter 4 Principles of Physiology for Advanced Practice 44 Colin Chandler, Alison Wood, and Robin Hyde Learning Outcomes 44 Introduction 45 How the Body Adapts to Different Situations 47 Key Concepts of the Cell 52 Contents vii Control - How the Body Allows us to Achieve Action and Participation in Society 55 Changes to Physiology Through the Life Course 57 Microbiome/Microbiota and Interactions with the Microbiological Environment 61 Conclusion 62 References 63 Further Reading 64 Self-Assessment Questions 64 Glossary 64 Chapter 5 Principles of Pathophysiology 66 Sarah Ashelford and Vanessa Taylor Learning Outcomes 66 Introduction 67 The Main Disease Mechanisms 68 Cancer 69 Aetiology and Pathogenesis of Cancer 70 Clinical Investigations 72 Learning Events 72 Clinical Effects of Cancer 72 Learning Event 72 Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke 73 Investigations 73 Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis 73 Pharmacological Principles 76 Investigations 76 Diabetes 76 Clinical Presentation 76 Learning Event 77 Aetiology and Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes 77 Aetiology and Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes 78 Acute Complications of Diabetes 79 Respiratory Disease 81 Asthma 81 Aetiology and Pathogenesis of Asthma 81 Pharmacological Principles 83 Learning event 83 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease 83 Aetiology and Pathogenesis of COPD 83 Conclusion 86 References 86 Further Reading 89 Self-Assessment Questions 89 Glossary 89 Chapter 6 Principles of Pharmacology 90 Ihab Ali and Phil Broadhurst Learning Outcomes 90 Introduction 90 Pharmacotherapy 91 Pharmacokinetics (PK) 91 VIII Contents Pharmacodynamics (pd) 93 Pharmacodynamics: Drug-Receptor Interactions 94 Pharmacodynamics: Drug Concentration 94 Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) 96 Plasma Protein Binding 98 Drug-induced Adverse Effects 100 Drug Interactions 103 Contraindications 103 Excipients 104 Adherence 104 Conclusion 107 References 107 Further Reading 111 Self-Assessment Questions 111 Glossary 111 Chapter 7 Supplementary and Independent Prescribing 113 Brigitta Fazzini, Esther Clift, and Jill Bentley Learning Outcomes 113 Introduction 113 Education 115 General Pharmacological Principles 115 Prescribing in Paediatrics 115 Prescribing in Mental Health 116 Prescribing in Critical Care 117 Absorption 117 Distribution 117 Metabolism 118 Excretion 119 Assessing Drug Therapy in Critical Illness 119 Prescribing in Older People 120 Medication Reviews 120 Pharmacokinetics 121 Guidelines on Drug Prescription for Older People 122 Antibiotics Stewardship 123 Authorisation of Blood Components and Products 125 Legal Aspects and Governance 125 Patient Consent 126 Clinical Decision Making 126 De-Prescribing 127 Health Promotion 127 Why is This Important to Us as Prescribers? 128 So What Can We Do? 128 Social Prescribing 129 Conclusion 130 References 130 Further Reading 131 Self-Assessment Questions 131 Glossary 131 Chapter 8 Core Procedural Skills 132 Mark Cannan, Kirstin Geer, and Stuart Cox Learning Outcomes 132 Introduction 132 Consent/Assent 133 Clinical Competence for Procedures 134 Preparation: Positioning 135 Core Procedural Skills 137 Airway: Basic Manoeuvres and Adjuncts 137 Airway: Supraglottic Airway Devices 137 Breathing: Intercostal Drain Insertion 137 Preprocedure Set-up and Equipment for ICD Insertion 137 Procedure for ICD Insertion (Seldinger) - Small Bore 139 Procedure for ICD Insertion - Large Bore (Lloyd 2019) 141 Postprocedure Checks 141 Pearls and Pitfalls 141 Circulation: Venepuncture 142 Practitioner Safety 142 Technique 143 Postprocedure Checks 144 Pearls and Pitfalls 144 Circulation: Peripheral Intravenous Cannulation 144 Technique 145 Postprocedure Checks 146 Pearls and Pitfalls 146 Circulation: Arterial Puncture and Cannulation 147 Technique 148 Postprocedure Checks 149 Pearls and Pitfalls 149 Circulation: Central Venous Access Via Central Venous Catheter 149 Technique 150 Pearls and Pitfalls 151 Circulation: Intraosseous Needle Insertion 152 Preprocedure Considerations 152 Pearls and Pitfalls 152 Disability: Lumbar Puncture 153 Technique 154 Pearls and Pitfalls 155 Exposure: Nasogastric Tube Insertion 156 Technique - Awake Patient 156 Technique - Unconscious/Anaesthetised/Intubated Patient 157 Postprocedure Checks 157 Pearls and Pitfalls 157 Learning From Patient Safety Events 158 Conclusion 158 References 159 Further Reading 161 Self-Assessment Questions 161 Glossary 161 Chapter 9 Clinical History Taking and Physical Examination 162 Sadie Diamond-Fox, Rebecca Connolly, Alexandra Gatehouse, and John Wilkinson Learning Outcomes 162 Introduction 162 The Consultation as a Diagnostic Tool 163 Communication 164 The Cone Technique 164 Ideas, Concerns and Expectations (ICE) 165 Triggers to Consultation 165 Consultation Models 165 Calgary-Cambridge Guide to the Medical Interview 167 Patient Perspective of Consultation 168 Kinesics Interviewing 168 Aspects of Obtaining a Medical History 169 History Taking in Special Circumstances: Time-Critical Situations 171 History Taking for Neurodiverse and Non-verbal Populations 172 History Taking for Ethnic Minority Populations 173 History Taking for LGBTQIA+ Populations 173 Clinical Assessment - Aspects of Physical Examination 175 Introduction 175 General Inspection 176 Vital Signs 176 Physical Examination Techniques 177 Hands and Nails 177 Upper Limbs 181 Head and Neck 181 Thorax 185 Abdomen 188 Lower Limbs 190 Closing the Consultation 190 Conclusion 191 References 191 Further Reading 194 Self-Assessment Questions 194 Glossary 194 Chapter 10 Clinical Decision Making and Diagnostic Reasoning 195 Helen Francis-Wenger and Colin Roberts Learning Outcomes 195 Introduction 195 Clinical Reasoning and Clinical Decision Making 197 Recognition 200 Probability 200 Reasoning 200 Watching and Waiting 200 Selective Doubting 201 Iteration and Reiteration 201 Thinking, Growing and Evolving 201 Contents xi Decision-Making Theories 203 Normative, Prescriptive and Descriptive Interactions 203 Descriptive Approach 203 Normative Approach 203 Prescriptive Approach 204 Intuition 204 Hypothetico-Deductive Reasoning 205 Cue Acquisition Stage 205 Hypothesis Generation 205 Cue Interpretation 206 Hypothesis Evaluation 206 The Cognitive Process 206 Biases 207 Assistive Tools and Concepts: Risk Assessments/Probability Scores/Risk Stratification 210 Odds Ratios 210 Numbers Needed to Treat 210 Bayes' Theorem: Sensitive (Rule Out) and Specific (Rule In) 210 Risk Stratification 211 Conclusion 211 References 211 Further Reading 213 Self-Assessment Questions 213 Glossary 213 Chapter 11 Diagnostic Interpretation 214 Colin Roberts, Christine Eade, and Helen Francis-Wenger Learning Outcomes 214 Introduction 214 Principles to Follow 216 Principles of Ordering and Interpretation 216 Reference Ranges 217 Patient and Clinician Factors to Consider When Interpreting Results: Context 217 The Full Blood Count 217 Haemoglobin 217 A Stepwise Approach 218 White Cells (Leucocytes) 219 Platelets (Thrombocytes) 219 Raised Platelets (>400) 219 Low Platelets ( Inflammatory Markers 220 C-Reactive Protein 220 Plasma Viscosity 220 Renal Function 220 Range 220 Creatinine (Cr) 221 Urea (U) 221 Acute Kidney Injury 221 Chronic Kidney Injury 221 Electrolytes: Sodium and Potassium 221 Electrolytes: Calcium and Magnesium 223 Liver Function Tests 225 Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) 225 Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) 225 Bilirubin (Br) 225 Patterns of Liver Disease 225 Thyroid Function Tests 226 Hypothyroidism (Underfunctioning) 226 Hyperthyroidism (Overfunctioning) 226 Subclinical Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism 227 Diagnostic Interpretation: Imaging 228 Fundamental Principles 228 The Essentials of Each Imaging Modality are Considered Below 229 Plain Film 229 Ultrasound 232 Lung Ultrasound 232 FAST Scan 233 Echo 233 Computed Tomography 233 Imaging Summary 234 References 235 Further Reading 236 Self-Assessment Questions 236 Glossary 236 Chapter 12 Public Health: Prevention, Promotion and Empowerment 238 Joanna Lavery and Sharon Riverol Learning Outcomes 238 Introduction 238 Accreditation Considerations 240 Clinical Examination 242 Leg assessment 244 Clinical investigation - point-of care (POC) D-dimer testing 244 Diagnosis - Class 1 Cellulitis 245 Pharmacology 245 Follow-up Plan 246 Clinical Examination 248 Results 249 Management 249 Pharmacology 249 Clinical Examination 251 NEWS2 - 0 But Blood Pressure Found to Be Hypotensive 251 Neuro assessment 251 Management 253 Reflections 255 Admission Avoidance 255 Advanced Care Practitioner and Patient Empowerment 255 References 256 Further Reading 261 Self-Assessment Questions 261 Glossary 262 Chapter 13 Managing Complexity 263 Jaclyn Proctor and Sadie Diamond-Fox Learning Outcomes 263 Introductions 263 Medical Complexity 265 Measuring Complexity in a Healthcare Context 266 Situational Complexity 269 Systems Complexity 270 NHS Long Term Plan (2019) 270 Advanced Clinical Practice 272 Conclusion 275 References 276 Further Reading 277 Self-Assessment Questions 277 Glossary 277 Chapter 14 Frailty: Principles of Rehabilitation and Reablement, Palliative Care and Organ Donation 278 Esther Clift and Stevie Park Learning Outcomes 278 Introduction 278 Discharge Planning 279 Intermediate Care 280 Rehabilitation 281 Reablement 282 Pathways 282 Technology 282 Home-based Care 282 Virtual Wards 283 Urgent Community Response 283 Palliative or End-of-Life Care 284 Gold Standard Framework 285 Care Plans 285 Do Not Attempt Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (DNACPR) 286 Pain and Symptom Control 286 Verifying Death 287 Organ Donation 287 Diagnosing Death by Neurological Criteria (Brainstem Death Testing) 287 Role of the SN-OD and Referral Process 288 Tissue Donation 288 Clinical Frailty 288 Diagnosis Tools for Diagnosis and CGA 288 Exercise 290 Nutrition 290 Social Isolation and Loneliness 291 Conclusion 293 References 293 Further Reading 295 Self-Assessment Questions 295 Chapter 15 Mental Health, Learning Disability and Autism 296 Clare Allabyrne and Jo Delrée Learning Outcomes 296 Introduction 297 Parity of Esteem 297 Diagnostic Overshadowing and Unconscious Bias 297 Mental Health and Ethnicity 298 Communication 298 Therapeutic Communication 298 Fundamental Principles of Therapeutic Communication 298 Specific Issues in Communication Clients with ASD/LD 299 Clinical Investigations 299 Mental Health Screening Tools 299 Holistic Mental Health Assessment 299 Ten-point Guide to Mental State Examination 301 Risk Assessment in Mental Health 301 Assessing Different Groups 302 Assessing Children and Young People 302 Assessing People with Autism 303 Assessing People with Learning Disability 304 A Note on Challenging Behaviour 307 Pharmacological Principles 307 Resources 309 Learning Disability Learning Event 309 Mental Health Learning Event 309 Mental Health UK states 309 Conclusion 310 References 310 Further Reading 313 Self-Assessment Questions 313 Glossary 313 Chapter 16 Education and Learning 315 Joe Wood and Elizabeth Midwinter Learning Outcomes 315 Introduction 316 Principles of Teaching and Learning 316 Understanding How We Learn 316 Recognising Adult Learners 317 Dual Coding Theory 317 Evidence-based Practice 318 Contents xv Self-directed Learning 318 Supporting Others to Develop Knowledge and Skills 318 Feedback 318 Appraisal Processes and Continuing Professional Development 319 Learning From Mistakes: Safety I and Safety II 319 Coaching, Mentoring and Role Modelling 319 Creating an Effective Learning Environment 320 Optimise the Space 320 Physial 320 Virtual 321 Ensure Learner-centredness 321 Get to Know the Learner 322 Plan the Process 322 Create Psychological Safety 323 Promote Continual Improvement Via Reflection 324 Simulation and Technological Advances in Healthcare Education 324 Simulation 324 Teaching Practical Skills - Reflections from Clinical Experience 325 Human Factors 325 Interprofessional Education 326 Types of Simulation 327 The Concept of Fidelity 328 In Situ Simulation 329 Designing Simulated Learning 329 Scenario Writing 330 Practical Considerations 330 Introductions and Orientation 330 Pre-brief 330 Programmed vs On the Fly 331 Debrief 331 Technology-enhanced Learning 333 Conclusion 334 References 334 Further Reading 338 Self-Assessment Questions 338 Glossary 338 Chapter 17 The Advanced Practitioner as Educator 339 Phil Broadhurst Learning Outcomes 339 Introduction 339 Providing Feedback 342 Feeding Back and Feeding Forward 343 The One-Minute Preceptor 345 Conclusion 347 References 347 Further Reading 349 Self-Assessment Questions 350 Glossary 350 Chapter 18 Research Principles 351 Brigitta Fazzini and Roberta Borg Learning Outcomes 351 Why Research Is Important 351 The Research Process 352 Critical Appraisal and the Hierarchy of Evidence 353 Designing a Research Project 354 Every Research Project Starts with a Question 354 Research Methods 355 Scientific Hypothesis 355 Quantitative versus Qualitative Research Methods 356 Quantitative Research Method 357 Qualitative Research Method 359 Healthcare Research Ethics 360 Quality Improvement 362 Conclusion 364 References 364 Further Reading 365 Self-Assessment Questions 366 Glossary 366 Chapter 19 Leading Research in Advanced Practice 367 Leanne Dolman, Joanna De Souza, and Sara Stevenson-Baker Learning Outcomes 368 Introduction 368 Enabling Evidence-Based Practice 369 Using Local Procedures and Protocols - Role Modelling and Ensuring Continuity of Practice 370 Auditing Current Practice 370 Utilising Clinical Audit 371 Setting Standards and Developing New Protocols 371 Setting Intended Outcomes 371 Patient-reported Outcome Measures 372 Reviewing your Protocol (Quality Control) 372 Developing Guidelines at a National/International Level 373 Developing New Evidence for Practice 373 Leading on Quality Improvement 374 Dissemination of Existing and New Knowledge 377 Local Dissemination 377 Presenting at an External Conference 377 Developing a Conference Abstract 378 Developing a Poster 378 Developing an Oral Presentation 378 Writing for Publication 378 Joining a National Forum or Guideline Development Group 378 Developing the Advanced Practitioner as a Clinical Academic 379 Creating A Research Culture at Organisational Level to Improve Person-Centred Healthcare 380 Conclusion 381 References 382 Further Reading 384 Self-Assessment Questions 384 Glossary 384 Chapter 20 Innovations in Practice 386 Vanessa Taylor and Sarah Ashelford Learning Outcomes 386 Introduction 386 Innovation, Practice Development and Service Improvement 388 Innovation and Advanced-level Practice and the Advanced Practitioner Role 392 Advanced-level Practice and Workforce Transformation: An Example of Healthcare Service Innovation 392 Advanced Practitioner as Clinical (Practice Development/ Improvement) and Professional (Service/System Development) Innovator 394 Conclusion 400 References 401 Self-Assessment Questions 403 Glossary 403 Chapter 21 Professional Development and Transition 404 Vikki-Jo Scott and Esther Clift Learning Outcomes 404 Introduction 405 Personal Professional Development 405 Continuing Professional Development and Role Transition 410 Supporting Professional Development Within a Team 412 Contribution to Broader Development of Advanced Practice 415 What Next? 416 Conclusion 416 References 417 Further Reading 417 Self-Assessment Questions 418 Glossary 418 Index 419