The present book is a compendium of 31 Lead Papers presented by R&D workers/ experts from different institutions during the four day National Conference on Temperate Fruits and Nuts held from November 6-9, 2015 by the Horticultural Society of India, New Delhi in collaboration with ICAR-Central Institute for Temperate Horticulture, Srinagar, J&K. It covers status, achievements and future R&D strategies on different crops and issues concerning Temperate Horticulture vis-a-vis global advancements. The issues covered range from research needs, innovative technologies, genetic resource management & crop improvement, disease and pest management, mechanization, pre- and post harvest technology and marketing & trade. It is hoped that the book will be of interest and benefit to the researchers, students, development workers, teachers, policy makers, and all interested in Temperate Horticulture.