Sugarcane: Production, Properties and Uses provides details on new industrial technologies of the ethanol extraction process through mathematical modeling for bioenergy crops, socioeconomic and environmental aspects based on Circular Economy concepts, and some commercial and industrial applications in thermal power plants and/or biorefineries. Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant of terrestrial feedstocks available for producing chemicals and materials as well as harvesting energy. As such, this compilation aims to describe the structure of sugarcane lignin, as well as its isolation, characterization, and applications. The authors study the co-digestion of sugarcane vinasse and glycerin in a thermophilic anaerobic sequencing batch biofilm reactor, which has not previously been studied. Additionally, they evaluate the option of using sugarcane cultivars in the production of sucrose in Mexico as a livestock feed source in the dry season, with the determination of variables such as stem height, stem diameter, Brix degrees, health and flowering. Following this, variations of phenol accumulation in healthy sugarcane plants or sugarcane plants experimentally infected with Xanthomonas albilineans, the bacteria that causes leaf scald, are studied. The concluding work evaluates the emissions of gases from a bench diesel engine combustion with different diesel/biodiesel blends from beef tallow/sugarcane diesel in the proportions CD10, CD-B15, CD-B25, CD-B35 and CD-B50, in order to simulate biofuel combustion emissions at different concentrations.