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Split and Splice: A Phenomenology of Experimentation de Hans-Jörg Rheinberger

Split and Splice: A Phenomenology of Experimentation

Autor Hans-Jörg Rheinberger
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 21 apr 2023

Considerăm că Split and Splice aduce o perspectivă proaspătă în filosofia științei prin mutarea accentului de la experimentul privit ca simplu instrument de validare a teoriei către experimentul înțeles ca proces creativ de sine stătător. Față de literatura existentă, Hans-Jörg Rheinberger introduce conceptul de „fenomenologie a experimentării”, investigând cum materialitatea laboratorului — de la urme și modele până la tehnica grefării — condiționează însăși posibilitatea descoperirii științifice.

Apreciem modul în care această lucrare acoperă aceeași arie tematică precum Experimentation in the Sciences, dar cu o abordare mult mai ancorată în practica personală de cercetare. În timp ce alte titluri oferă perspective istorice comparative, Split and Splice utilizează date concrete din caietele de laborator ale autorului din perioada cercetărilor sale asupra ribozomilor, oferind o privire intimă asupra procesului de „despicare și îmbinare” (split and splice) care definește știința modernă. Cartea continuă direcția începută în Toward a History of Epistemic Things, unde autorul argumenta pentru primatul aranjamentelor materiale, dar aici extinde analiza către dimensiunea narativă și temporală a sistemelor experimentale.

Structura volumului este riguros organizată în două părți: „Infra-Experimentality”, care se concentrează pe micro-procesele de laborator (urme, protocoale, vizualizare), și „Supra-Experimentality”, care ridică privirea către culturile experimentale și modurile de a nara cunoașterea. Credem că această progresie de la micro la macro este esențială pentru a înțelege cum rezultatele aparent neregulate dintr-un laborator se transformă în fapte științifice solide.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780226825328
ISBN-10: 0226825329
Pagini: 256
Ilustrații: 33 halftones
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 18 mm
Greutate: 0.31 kg
Ediția:First Edition
Editura: University of Chicago Press
Colecția University of Chicago Press

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte cercetătorilor și studenților la filosofie sau istoria științei care doresc să înțeleagă biologia moleculară dincolo de manuale. Cititorul câștigă o viziune rară asupra modului în care „materialitatea” — instrumentele și notele de laborator — dictează succesul unei cercetări. Este un argument convingător pentru ideea că știința este, înainte de toate, o practică materială și creativă.

Despre autor

Hans-Jörg Rheinberger este un reputat istoric și filosof al științei, cunoscut la nivel internațional pentru contribuțiile sale la epistemologia științelor vieții. Fost director la Institutul Max Planck pentru Istoria Științei din Berlin, Rheinberger îmbină rigoarea filosofică cu experiența practică de cercetător în biologia moleculară. Opera sa, care include titluri precum An Epistemology of the Concrete și In Touch: Encounters between Art and Research, explorează intersecția dintre știință, artă și procesele de generare a cunoașterii, consolidându-i statutul de teoretician influent al practicii științifice contemporane.

Descriere scurtă

An esteemed historian of science explores the diversity of scientific experimentation.
 
The experiment has long been seen as a test bed for theory, but in Split and Splice, Hans-Jörg Rheinberger makes the case, instead, for treating experimentation as a creative practice. His latest book provides an innovative look at the experimental protocols and connections that have made the life sciences so productive.
 
Delving into the materiality of the experiment, the first part of the book assesses traces, models, grafting, and note-taking—the conditions that give experiments structure and make discovery possible. The second section widens its focus from micro-level laboratory processes to the temporal, spatial, and narrative links between experimental systems. Rheinberger narrates with accessible examples, most of which are drawn from molecular biology, including from the author’s laboratory notebooks from his years researching ribosomes.
 
A critical hit when it was released in Germany, Split and Splice describes a method that involves irregular results and hit-or-miss connections—not analysis, not synthesis, but the splitting and splicing that form a scientific experiment. Building on Rheinberger’s earlier writing about science and epistemology, this book is a major achievement by one of today’s most influential theorists of scientific practice.

Notă biografică

Hans-Jörg Rheinberger is honorary professor of the history of science at the Technical University of Berlin and director emeritus of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science in Berlin. He is the author, with Staffan Müller-Wille, of The Gene: From Genetics to Postgenomics and A Cultural History of Heredity, both published by the University of Chicago Press.

Cuprins

List of Figures
Introduction
 
Part I Infra-Experimentality
1 Traces
2 Models
3 Making Visible
4 Grafting
5 Protocols
 
Part II Supra-Experimentality
6 Shapes of Time
7 Experimental Cultures
8 Knowing and Narrating
9 Thinking Wild
10 A Eulogy of the Fragment
Postscript
Acknowledgments
Notes
Bibliography
Index of Names

Recenzii

“Split and Slice borrows new perspectives from a broad range of scholarly fields, generating a long list of cited authors who are rarely associated in the same book. Rheinberger moves easily from phenomenology to biology and from science to art, and vice versa. . . . The book is in a way exhaustive, addressing many of the most significant issues discussed in science studies during the last decades, for instance the importance of practice and technologies, the rich source of information represented by notebooks, and in par­ticular the protocols shared by the different members of a laboratory. Only Rheinberger could write such a book, which wanders between phenomenology and sociology of science, while still remaining engaging and attractive.”

“What's in an experiment? In this English edition of Split and Splice: A Phenomenology of Experimentation, a leading historian and philosopher of biology returns in fine form to renew his long-standing plea for scholarly attention to the human and material elements shaping experimentation in the life sciences. In this book, Rheinberger again pulls from the primary literature with which he is most familiar, that in molecular biology, to probe how both research materials and researchers' encounters with them, through experiments, shape the emergence of scientific knowledge. . . . There is much of interest to the working biologist in Split and Splice. Rheinberger offers a convincing way of characterizing the biologist's role in her craft: She is the mediator between the real and the written; between the world of the living and the books and papers that, eventually, report new discoveries.”

“A highly original, systematically organized, and empirically enriched essay on scientific experimentation. . . . While its first part convinces with a precise and logically ordered analysis, the second part leads through a broad variety of philosophical thoughts and observa­tions. . . . The reader is taken on an impressive journey through the vast territo­ries of experimental knowledge cultures. And it adds to the surprises of the journey that each and every part of it is enriched with examples from the history of molecular biological experimentation.”

“This book provides a captivating perspective on an essential area in the development of a comprehensive and cohesive epistemology of experimentation. Until now, this subject has only been approached in an incomplete and piecemeal manner. Therefore, this book is an absolute necessity for scholars seeking a holistic understanding of experimental practices, including those often overlooked aspects that are crucial for a true and impactful comprehension of the vital role that experiments play in shaping modern science.”
 

“Rather than functioning along prescribed lines, Rheinberger presents experimenting, in its conditions, apparatus, and thought, as accomplished through making-do and tinkering—termed ‘bricolage’ by the anthropologist Claude Lévi-Strauss. . . . The book rewards those who delve further into its extensive bibliography with more evidence and examples of experimentation’s irrepressibly provocative nature.” 

“The book Split and Splice therefore aims to present a phenomenology of experimentation, which for Rheinberger means that we are looking at the ‘shapes and contours that scientific experimentation has acquired historically.’ Here we see the same focus on the materiality of the whole movement of experimentation, not just the individual experiment. It is particularly important for Rheinberger that experimentation is seen as a knowledge-generating process. The various facets of the shapes of the experience are examined both from an ‘infrascopic’ and from a ‘suprascopic perspective.’ These shapes shape the form of the book, by looking below and beyond the threshold of perception.”

“Split and Splice is thought provoking and original. Its background assumptions and arguments concerning both subject matter and method of epistemology clash with received notions in the philosophy of science. This is precisely why philosophers of science should read this book. It challenges the still prevailing focus on finished scientific products (for example, theories) in favour of trying to understand the scientific process itself. It also challenges the very analytical categories and methods typically employed by philosophers of science. Thus, it has the potential to create productive frictions and, thereby, to stimulate important discussion within philosophy of science.” 

“Split and Splice further develops and strengthens an understanding of research as cultural activity over and beyond disciplinary boundaries. In doing so, it moves beyond the ‘practice turn’ into registers of materiality and temporality to suggest a wide connective fabric of epistemic things not to be captured unless articulation is problematized.”

“Recommended.”

“Perched between recursivity and transgression, precision and poetics—just like the research practices it discusses—this eagerly awaited volume is the ultimate exploration of the constellation of technologies, techniques, materials, and ‘savage moments’ that make experiments into a quintessential form of inquiry. Building on three decades of world-leading research in the history and philosophy of biology, Rheinberger shows how, in life as in science, experiments epitomize the human aspiration to intervene in the world with predictable results, and yet their power lies in exposing the limits of attempts to control and foresee the future. An unmissable read for anybody wishing to understand how science thrives by failing to carve nature at its joints.”

“In this new book, drawing on his groundbreaking Toward a History of Epistemic Things, Rheinberger explores the logic of a ‘phenomenology of experimentation.’ Attentive to the materiality of science, it brings out the creative, epistemic, and collective dimensions of scientific production in experimental context. Written by a historian and philosopher of science trained in molecular biology, Split and Splice opens up the path to a genuine historical epistemology of the forms of scientific practices for the twenty-first century.”