Shokhí

c. huffman is a Kaw Nation Citizen with an MFA and an MDiv who sits at the intersection of privilege, dis/ability and Indigeneity; a place where poetry and theology dance. Her writing has appeared in The Ending Hasn’t Happened Yet, a poetry anthology edited by Hannah Soyer.

Tai S. Edwards is professor of history and director of the Kansas Studies Institute at Johnson County Community College. She is the author of Osage Women and Empire: Gender and Power and co-editor of Lyda Conley and the Fight to Preserve Huron Indian Cemetery, also published by Kansas.

Jay T. Johnson is University Distinguished Professor of Geography at the University of Kansas and director of the Center for Indigenous Research, Science, and Technology. His work has appeared in GeoHumanities, Geographical Research, Nature Sustainability, Sustainability Science, and other publications.

Preface: A Cover Art Statement by Chris Pappan

Foreword: Stories in Stone by Paul M. Farber

Invocation: In the (Monument) Lab by c. Huffman

Introduction: Getting to Know (You) by c. huffman and Tai S. Edwards

PART 1—Miⁿxci. Wayaje–Words

1. “The Importance of the Stone”: An Oral History with Curtis Kekahbah

2. Iⁿ, Ni, Taje, c. Huffman

3. Iⁿ‘zhuje ‘waxobe Is a Survivor: A Brief Geological History, Andreas Moller

4. Rock, Prayer, Science (Shoot!), c. Huffman

5. “Humans Are Attracted to These Stones”: Dave Loewenstein’s Artistic Pursuit of Boulder Monuments

6. Geography of the Soul, c. Huffman

7. Erratics: An Exhibition, Dave Loewenstein

8. A Short History of the Land Known as Robinson Park, Tai S. Edwards

9. “Too Much of Lawrence’s History Has Disappeared”: Ursula Minor on Lynchings, the Settler Monument, and Remembering

10. Sonnet 81, Reconstructed by c. Huffman

11. Charles Robinson, For Whom This Park Is Named, Tai S. Edwards

12. Revolutionary Business, c. Huffman

13. The Who’s Who of Making Iⁿ‘zhuje‘waxobe into a Monument, Tai S. Edwards

PART 2—Noⁿba. Owahaⁿe—Relationship

14. Walking Cloud Has Come This Morning, c. Huffman

15. Iⁿ‘zhuje‘waxobe: An Agent of Place, Soren C. Larsen and Jay T. Johnson

16. ÜI Can Open My Heart and Explore What We Can Do Differently Now”: Joni Fornelli on the Doctrine of Discovery, the Family Farm, and Repair

17. Bad Weather, c. Huffman

18. Changing the Name of the “Dirty Kanza” Bike Race: A Timeline, Tai S. Edwards

19. Women, Rocks, and Credit Scores, c. Huffman

20. Ninety-Five-Year Liturgy, Posey Krakowsky

21. “Grandma Lucy Was Chief of the Kaw in 1929 When the Sacred Red Rock Was Stolen Out of the River” by Pauline Eads Sharp

22. Ode to Rock, Beloved (Sapphic), c. Huffman

23. The Tangible and Intangible Things That We Belong To, James Pepper Henry

24. There Is a Map of Kansas in My Veins, c. Huffman

25. “This Interweaving of Stories and Truths”: A Conversation About Community Engagement with Dave Loewenstein and Sydney Pursel

26. Haskell Indian Nations University Student Art

27. At the Water’s Edge, Lisa Grossman

28. Miⁿxoge. Made from Mialoshka. Made by., c. Huffman

29. Just Humans, Being by Reuben Ironhorse-Kent andc. Huffman

PART 3—Yabliⁿ. Shokhi—Arrive Back There at One’s Home

30. Rematriation: A Conversation in Four Parts, c. huffman and Tai S. Edwards

31. Rematriation: A Visual Meditation, Chris Pappan

32. “I Thought About the Resilience of the Kaw People, [and] the Resilience of My People”: Toni Wheeler on the City of Lawrence’s Apology and the Rematriation of Iⁿ‘zhuje‘waxobe

33. More Than Just Words: Lawrence, Kansas, Settler Apologies, and Restitution, Andrew Frederick and Jay T. Johnson

34. “It Was Always Like Visiting Somebody in Jail”: Tommee Sherwood on Iⁿ‘zhuje‘waxobe

35. On Judgment and Negotiation (Thoughts, and a Penny.), c. Huffman

36. From Iⁿ‘zhuje‘waxobe to Big Red Rock: Confronting the Settler-Colonial Past and Present of Lawrence, Kansas, Hayden L. Nelson

37. Hazards Flashing [Redacted], c. Huffman

38. “What a Small Group of Determined People Can Accomplish”: Pauline Eads Sharp and Dave Loewenstein Reflect on Rematriating Iⁿ‘zhuje‘waxobe

39. Reading Through Tears (Mourner‘s Meal), c. Huffman

40. “He Was an Activist, and He Wanted to Do What He Could for His People”: A Conversation Between Mary Fi Kekahbah and c. huffman on Curtis Kekahbah’s Love and Activism

41. I‘m Glad That You Are Here, Old Friend. c. Huffman

Conclusions by c. huffman and Tai S. Edwards, with Jay T. Johnson

Epilogue. Rock Is Not a Stepping Stone: A Meditation by c. huffman with Chris Pappan

Appendix 1. Governor Reed’s Speech from the Early Settlers’ Monument Dedication (1929)

Appendix 2. Kaw Nation Letter Requesting Iⁿ‘zhuje‘waxobe‘s Return (2020)

Appendix 3. City of Lawrence and Douglas County Joint Resolution, Apology and Return of Iⁿ‘zhuje‘waxobe (2021)

Appendix 4. Iⁿ‘zhuje‘waxobe: Shokhi (Coming Home)–Curriculum (2021)

Appendix 5. Iⁿ‘zhuje‘waxobe/Sacred Red Rock Activity Guide (2023)

Appendix 6. Speeches from Return of the Rock Celebration (2023)

Appendix 7. Pauline Eads Sharp’s Closing Remarks at the Return of the Sacred Red Rock Film Screening (2025)

Acknowledgments

Contributors