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Sensations: French Archaeology between Science and Spectacle, 1890–1940 de Daniel J. Sherman

Sensations: French Archaeology between Science and Spectacle, 1890–1940

Autor Daniel J. Sherman
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 7 mai 2025

Prin volumul Sensations, Daniel J. Sherman propune o analiză riguroasă a modului în care arheologia s-a cristalizat ca disciplină nu doar în laboratoare și pe teren, ci și sub lumina reflectoarelor presei. Aplicabilitatea practică a acestui studiu rezidă în demonstrarea faptului că validarea științifică a fost, istoric, inseparabilă de gestionarea imaginii publice. Remarcăm modul în care autorul folosește două studii de caz contrastante — situl colonial de la Cartagina și scandalul „falsurilor” neolitice de la Glozel — pentru a ilustra fragilitatea autorității academice în fața senzaționalismului.

Această lucrare extinde cadrul propus de Archaeology and the Media de Timothy Clack, aducând date noi din arhivele franceze ale perioadei 1890–1940. În timp ce volumul lui Clack oferă o perspectivă generală asupra comunicării, Sensations se concentrează pe mecanismele interne ale puterii și pe modul în care „spectacolul” a forțat profesionalizarea metodelor de excavare. Notăm cu interes structura tematică a cărții: după prezentarea crizelor arhivistice, autorul dedică secțiuni esențiale performativității arheologului și modului în care obiectele descoperite au alimentat imaginarul colectiv.

Poziționată în continuarea preocupărilor sale pentru memoria culturală și instituțiile muzeale, vizibile în The Construction of Memory in Interwar France și Worthy Monuments, noua lucrare a lui Sherman rafinează înțelegerea politicii patrimoniului. Dacă în scrierile anterioare se concentra pe monumente și muzee ca spații de putere, aici investighează însuși procesul de generare a cunoașterii sub presiunea publicului, oferind un context istoric crucial pentru dezbaterile actuale despre „fake news” în știință.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780226835372
ISBN-10: 0226835375
Pagini: 288
Ilustrații: 8 color plates, 40 halftones
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 25 mm
Greutate: 0.65 kg
Ediția:First Edition
Editura: University of Chicago Press
Colecția University of Chicago Press

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte profesioniștilor din arheologie și istorie culturală care doresc să înțeleagă rădăcinile mediatice ale disciplinei lor. Cititorul câștigă o perspectivă critică asupra modului în care scandalurile și atenția presei au forțat arheologia să își definească standardele de rigoare. Este un instrument esențial pentru a înțelege de ce arheologia rămâne, până astăzi, una dintre cele mai vizibile și disputate științe umaniste în spațiul public.

Despre autor

Daniel J. Sherman este profesor de istoria artei și istorie la University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. Expert recunoscut în studii muzeale critice și în politica memoriei, acesta a explorat extensiv modul în care societatea franceză a secolului al XIX-lea și interbelică și-a construit identitatea prin artă și monumente. Lucrările sale anterioare, precum The Construction of Memory in Interwar France, publicată tot de University of Chicago Press, s-au impus ca referințe în analiza impactului social al conflictelor și patrimoniului, teme pe care le extinde acum spre domeniul arheologiei.

Descriere scurtă

Delves into two controversies from the French archaeological world to illuminate the tension between the discipline’s scientific ambitions and its hunger for media attention.
 
For well over a century, from Heinrich Schliemann’s sensational discoveries at Troy in the 1880s, through the Tutankhamun excavations of the 1920s, to the recent LIDAR-aided uncovering of lost Maya cities, archaeology has made headlines. In this new history of archaeology and its archival traces, Daniel J. Sherman treats the friction between science and spectacle as constitutive of the field. By exploring two long-running controversies that roiled the French archaeological world and its wider public in the first third of the twentieth century, he gives the science/media relationship a unique place in the history of archaeology—and its present.
 
The first controversy involves a dispute over the conduct of excavations at Carthage in Tunisia, then under French colonial rule. In the second, accusations of forgery clouded what seemed to be a stunning Neolithic find at a hamlet called Glozel, in the Auvergne region in central France. The affair divided the scholarly community and attracted enormous media attention across Europe and North America. Both controversies occurred at a transitional moment between what has been called the heroic age of archaeology, dominated by explorers and adventurers with little specialized training, and the beginnings of its professionalization. As Sherman shows, the two affairs put the methods, procedures, and networks of archaeology in the spotlight and profoundly shaped its history.

Notă biografică

Daniel J. Sherman is the Lineberger Distinguished Professor of Art History and History at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. He is the author of, among other books, The Construction of Memory in Interwar France and French Primitivism and the Ends of Empire, 1945–1975, both published by the University of Chicago Press.

Cuprins

Acknowledgments

Introduction: From the Archaeological Archive
1. “For Carthage”: Scientific Networks and the Glare of Publicity
Prologue: The Field and the Network
Serious Men (and Their Archives)
“To Save Carthage”: Networks, Authority, Publicity
Enter the Americans
Heritage and/as Science
2. The News from Glozel: Scholars, Media, and the Making of a Scandal
The Glozel Archive: Exit the State
Exchanging News
Blame the Media
Fake News/News of Fakes
Affairs to Remember
Coda
3. Bodies and Minds: The Work of Archaeology
The Archaeologist’s Police File
Bodies at/of Work
Looking Like an Archaeologist
4. Reality Effects: Staging Archaeology
Performing Carthage
Glozel and the Performative
5. Picturing Things: Archaeology and the Imagined Past
What Are These Objects?
Who Were These People?
Imagining the Glozelians
Epilogue
After Bizerte: 1926–1933–1962
“Glozel For Ever”: 1968–1974–2021
Objects, Knowledge, and the Archive: 2022–

Notes
Index

Recenzii

“Sherman’s work—in Sensations as in his previous books—combines archival research, in-depth knowledge of the surrounding historical context, and insights from various strands of theoretically-oriented scholarship (in this case, Bruno Latour, Bonnie Smith, Judith Butler, Roland Barthes, and others). In sum, Sensations is an engaging, wide-ranging, well-crafted study that illuminates, as its subtitle promises, archaeology’s formation between science and spectacle in the twentieth century.” 

“Sherman is one of a handful of people who work at the intersection of history and art history. He brings to his scholarship an exceptional depth of research and methodological sophistication, and now he has done it again. This time, his subject is archaeology in Jazz Age France, a critical moment when the field was making a concerted effort to professionalize itself, a process, as Sherman shows, that was aimed not just at disciplining practitioners but also at creating a self-legitimizing public image through visual devices of varied kinds: photographs, theatricals, and spectacular displays.”

“As a discipline grounded in fieldwork, archaeology involves both the social and natural sciences. But this position is the product of a long history that only came to fruition in the twentieth century. The originality of Sherman’s book lies in its ability to shed new light on this history: he brings a global and critical lens to bear upon excavation practices, their neocolonial context, archaeology’s complex relationship with the media, and the decisive role that amateur archaeologists have played in the discipline. In considering two seemingly dissimilar objects—the founding of French mandate-era Tunisian archeology and the most infamous controversy of the 1920s, the Glozel affair—Sherman brilliantly illuminates an emerging field’s sometimes farcical vicissitudes in the face of the public’s expectations. His deft and assured mastery of profoundly diverse and often comical sources exposes archaeology’s deep connections with what Guy Debord called ‘the society of the spectacle.’”

“In Sensations, Sherman lays out the ways in which media, journalism, and publishing played a central and complex role in the legitimation of colonial archaeology and its claims to scientific expertise. Moving between the ruins of Carthage in Tunis to the hamlet of Glozel in France, the scientific, the sensational, and the scandalous are brought into focus as an archaeological nucleus of the fame of discovery, racialism, and imperial power. A superbly written and erudite book that exposes the historical bond between archaeology and the press, Sensations lays out the links between science, spectacle, and empire that continue to support archaeology’s sensationalizing claims today.”

“Only a scholar of Sherman’s breadth, depth, and experience could produce such an innovative and interdisciplinary study. Sensations shows us how archaeology positioned itself between science and spectacle. Using case studies from France and French-occupied Tunisia, Sherman explores the extent of archaeology’s implication in colonial structures and discourse, from the 1880s to the 1920s and beyond. Dependent on media attention, yet ambitious for academic recognition, archaeology captured the public imagination even (or especially) when it struggled to interpret the distant past it had uncovered. This deeply researched and closely argued book traces an important new history of archaeology by connecting it to transnational histories of science, media, sexuality, and visual culture.”