What exactly is the meaning of caring for the souls of fellow humans? Which understanding of the soul leads to what form of pastoral care. Returning to the biblical view of soul Nauer develops an understanding of pastoral care convincing to postmodern humans and rooted in the Judaeo-Christian idea of man and god.The implications of competence and role profiles for pastoral caregivers are presented. A comprehensive concept of pastoral care is given, that enlarges the field of pastoral care but requires prioritisation. Thus this book can be read as a theory-practice guidebook to ascertain one's concept of pastoral care.