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Science Denial: Why It Happens and What to Do About It de Gale M. Sinatra

Science Denial: Why It Happens and What to Do About It

Autor Gale M. Sinatra, Barbara K. Hofer
en Limba Engleză Paperback – 3 aug 2023

Adresat deopotrivă studenților la psihologie, cercetătorilor în științe cognitive și practicienilor din domeniul comunicării publice, Science Denial oferă un cadru riguros pentru a înțelege de ce argumentele factuale eșuează adesea în fața scepticismului climatic sau a ezitării vaccinale. Subliniem modul în care Gale M. Sinatra și Barbara K. Hofer disecă barierele cognitive, demonstrând că simpla acumulare de cunoștințe nu este suficientă pentru a contracara dezinformarea. Notăm cu interes abordarea multidisciplinară care leagă identitatea socială de procesele de formare a convingerilor, explicând cum emoțiile și atitudinile pot bloca înțelegerea publică a științei. Lucrarea extinde cadrul propus de Denying to the Grave de Sara E. Gorman, aducând date noi din psihologia educației și analizând rolul algoritmilor digitali în polarizarea opiniilor. În contextul operei autorilor, volumul reprezintă o evoluție firească de la studiile lor anterioare despre schimbarea conceptuală intenționată; dacă în Intentional Conceptual Change accentul cădea pe controlul elevului asupra propriei învățări, aici perspectiva se lărgește spre responsabilitatea sistemică a educatorilor și politicienilor în gestionarea crizelor de încredere științifică. Descoperim aici o analiză lucidă a modului în care comunicatorii de știință pot contribui involuntar la problemă, oferind totodată un set de instrumente practice pentru restabilirea alfabetizării științifice într-o eră a post-adevărului.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780197683330
ISBN-10: 0197683339
Pagini: 226
Dimensiuni: 157 x 236 x 14 mm
Greutate: 0.35 kg
Editura: Oxford University Press
Colecția OUP USA
Locul publicării:New York, United States

De ce să citești această carte

Cititorul va câștiga o înțelegere profundă a mecanismelor psihologice care guvernează îndoiala și negarea, trecând dincolo de etichetarea simplistă a celor care resping dovezile științifice. Este o resursă esențială pentru oricine dorește să combată eficient dezinformarea în mediul educațional sau social, oferind strategii bazate pe dovezi pentru a naviga prejudecățile de raționament și influența rețelelor sociale.

Despre autor

Gale M. Sinatra și Barbara K. Hofer sunt experte recunoscute în psihologia educației și cogniție epistemică. Gale M. Sinatra, profesor la University of Southern California, s-a specializat în procesele de schimbare conceptuală, publicând anterior lucrări fundamentale precum Intentional Conceptual Change. Barbara K. Hofer este profesor emerit la Middlebury College, cunoscută pentru cercetările sale privind dezvoltarea epistemică și modul în care studenții evaluează sursele de cunoaștere. Împreună, cele două autoare combină expertiza teoretică cu cercetarea aplicată în sala de curs pentru a aborda una dintre cele mai presante crize ale societății contemporane: negarea adevărului științific.

Descriere

How do individuals decide whether to accept human causes of climate change, vaccinate their children against childhood diseases, or practice social distancing during a pandemic? Democracies depend on educated citizens who can make informed decisions for the benefit of their health and well-being, as well as their communities, nations, and planet. Understanding key psychological explanations for science denial and doubt can help provide a means for improving scientific literacy and understanding--critically important at a time when denial has become deadly. In Science Denial: Why It Happens and What to Do About It, the authors identify the problem and why it matters and offer tools for addressing it. This book explains both the importance of science education and its limitations, shows how science communicators may inadvertently contribute to the problem, and explains how the internet and social media foster misinformation and disinformation. The authors focus on key psychological constructs such as reasoning biases, social identity, epistemic cognition, and emotions and attitudes that limit or facilitate public understanding of science, and describe solutions for individuals, educators, science communicators, and policy makers. If you have ever wondered why science denial exists, want to know how to understand your own biases and those of others, and would like to address the problem, this book will provide the insights you are seeking.

Recenzii

Science denialism concerns all of us who consider ourselves friends of science, whether we are scientists, philosophers, educators, journalists or policymakers. Science denialism is a complex phenomenon that requires multifaceted measures to counter it. These measures should certainly take into account what psychologists have learned about the cognitive, affective and motivational factors involved in rejecting science. That is why Science denial: Why it happens and what to do about it is an important book.
Science Denial is basically the game plan for doing better than blithely hoping that a one-size-fits-all set of scientific explanations will cause people to jettison scientific flim-flam...Those who are interested in addressing science denial effectively should definitely read this book...Science Denial draws from well-established social science principles without letting the underlying research compromise readability...The writing is consistently oriented to the everyday person who is genuinely interested in amending scientific misconceptions...I tip my hat to Sinatra and Hofer for a superb book devoted to a superb cause. I encourage everybody to consider the preventable harm caused by science denial, and to pick up Science Denial, the book, to help us find a solution.
...the book can be of great use not only to psychologists themselves, but also to empirically minded philosophers, science communicators and educators alike.
The book is essential reading for science communicators, educators, and policy makers, the authors' intended audiences. This reviewer would note, too, that this title is an especially appropriate acquisition - necessary, even - for use by librarians as well as lay readers trying to understand their science-denying neighbors. Highly recommended. All readers.
Falling somewhere between academic and trade writing, Science Denial is filled with relatable scenarios, research studies, and helpful advice for individuals, educators, science communicators, and policy-makers. As social media discussions of science topics continue to proliferate and carefully reported coverage of science continues to decline, the authors warn readers to ready themselves for a future in which separating fact and fiction may be more difficult than ever. Their book offers abundant practical guidance to help us meet the challenge.
A surprisingly large number of people think that if Covid isn't a hoax, it must be caused by cellphone towers; it's hard to imagine a world working very well when it can't rest on basic, accurate information. This volume makes an important contribution towards beginning to understand why we've come unglued, and what we can do about it.
Why won't people wear masks during a pandemic? Or buy genetically modified foods? Or vaccinate their children? Sinatra and Hofer provide answers by delving deep into the psychology of science denial. They explain the shortcuts we take when searching for scientific information, the misconceptions we hold about scientific knowledge, and the obstacles we face when changing our beliefs and attitudes about scientific topics. From their synthesis of empirical research to their consideration of real-life dilemmas, Sinatra and Hofer provide a compelling and accessible account of the public's fraught relationship with science, as well as practical advice for improving science communication and increasing science literacy.
If recent events have taught us anything, it's that science denial—whether it involves the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 or the looming climate crisis—is deadly. Read this book to understand where it comes from, why it's so dangerous, and what we can do about it.
Gale Sinatra and Barbara Hofer have written an eloquent, incisive, and compelling account of the scourge of our times
Hofer and Sinatra's discussion is richly informed by their classroom research and illustrated with numerous personal anecdotes...The book is well structured and easy to read episodically.

Notă biografică

Gale M. Sinatra is the Stephen H. Crocker Professor of Education and Psychology at the Rossier School of Education at the University of Southern California, where she directs the Motivated Change Research Lab. She received her B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. in psychology from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. She has been recognized by the American Educational Research Association for career achievements in research with the Sylvia Scribner Award. She resides in Altadena, California. Barbara K. Hofer is a Professor of Psychology Emerita at Middlebury College and is a Fellow of the American Psychological Association. She received her Ph.D. in psychology and education from the University of Michigan and an Ed.M. in human development from Harvard University. She is the recipient of national awards for both research and teaching, from the American Educational Research Association and the American Psychological Association. She lives in Middlebury, Vermont.