Robert Penn Warren after Audubon embraces research on developmental psychology, gerontology, and end-of-life studies to offer provocative new readings of Warrens later poems, seeing in them an autobiographical epic focused on the process of aging, the inevitability of death, and the possibility of transcendence. Among the autobiographical elements the author identifies are Warrens loneliness during his later years; his alternating feelings of personal satisfaction and emptiness toward his literary achievements; and, at times, the impotence of memory. The author concludes that the finest of all of Warrens literary efforts can be found in his later works, after Audubon: A Vision.