In this work, the authors present current research in the study of the biology, diet, eating habits and disorders of rabbits. The topics discussed include the rabbit brain as a model of structural neuroplasticity; a survey on the studies of rabbit prion proteins; the effect of reduced dietary consistency on the fibre properties of rabbit jaw muscles; the use of rabbits to investigate the pathogenesis of disease; the assessment of sperm DNA damage in rabbits using the Halomax assay; nutritional effects of plant oil and seeds in rabbit feeding; and current studies on the aetiology of obstructive dysfunction of the male rabbit urinary bladder.