The quetion of this book is whether a new non-materialistic science can be created. The basic assumptions and development of science, including that of twentieth century science are examined. Another undertanding, leading to the possibility of another kind of future science is proposed. Conscious beings, whose nature includes aspects corresponding in a certain way to inner "soul" abilities of human beings, can be understood as being present everywhere in the non-predictable situations, discovered in the last century, like those of quantum physics, those of sensitive "chaotic" systems, living organisms, and even in the world of eternal pure ideas, including those of mathematics. Such a conception also helps in the understanding of the nature of time. In scientific discoveries as in other twentieth century events, a threshold indeed seems to have been crossed.