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Protecting the Self: Defense Mechanisms in Action de Phebe Cramer

Protecting the Self: Defense Mechanisms in Action

Autor Phebe Cramer
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 6 iul 2006

Evoluția psihologiei contemporane a marcat o tranziție clară de la intuiția clinică spre validarea empirică a conceptelor fundamentale. Subliniem modul în care Protecting the Self reflectă această schimbare, transformând studiul mecanismelor de apărare dintr-o explorare teoretică într-o disciplină riguros documentată prin cercetare longitudinală. Notăm cu interes modul în care Phebe Cramer reușește să integreze dinamica dezvoltării psihice, de la copilărie la vârsta adultă, oferind o perspectivă sistematică asupra modului în care individul își menține echilibrul psihologic și stima de sine în fața traumei.

Lucrarea este organizată în cinci secțiuni majore care ghidează cititorul de la fundamentele teoretice către aplicații complexe. Autorul dedică capitole extinse analizei detaliate a trei defense primordiale — negarea, proiecția și identificarea — explorând totodată diferențele de gen și personalitate în mobilizarea acestora. Cititorii familiarizați cu Defense Mechanisms de Uwe Hentschel vor aprecia aici accentul pus pe instrumentele de evaluare practică, în special detalierea „Manualului Mecanismelor de Apărare”, un instrument esențial pentru cercetarea clinică modernă.

Poziționată ca o continuare firească a preocupărilor autoarei pentru narativ și identitate, vizibile în Storytelling, Narrative, and the Thematic Apperception Test, această lucrare rafinează abordarea dezvoltării ego-ului. Putem afirma că volumul depășește simpla clasificare a defenselor, oferind studii de caz și date despre modul în care acestea sunt influențate de procesul terapeutic. Este o resursă academică ce reușește să pună în dialog rigoarea statistică a studiilor pe eșantioane studențești și comunitare cu realitatea profundă a pacienților din mediul psihiatric.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9781593852986
ISBN-10: 1593852983
Pagini: 384
Ilustrații: Illustrations
Dimensiuni: 152 x 229 x 32 mm
Greutate: 0.74 kg
Ediția:1
Editura: Guilford Publications
Colecția Guilford Press

Public țintă

Professional Practice & Development

De ce să citești această carte

Această lucrare este esențială pentru clinicieni și cercetători, oferind un cadru riguros pentru înțelegerea modului în care mintea se protejează de stres. Cititorul câștigă acces la instrumente de evaluare validate empiric și la o analiză profundă a dezvoltării mecanismelor de apărare de-a lungul vieții. Este recomandarea noastră pentru profesioniștii care doresc să integreze datele de cercetare în practica psihoterapeutică curentă.

Despre autor

Phebe Cramer, PhD, este psiholog clinician și profesor de psihologie la Williams College, Massachusetts. Cu o carieră dedicată studiului dezvoltării identității și mecanismelor de apărare, face parte din comitetele editoriale ale unor publicații de prestigiu precum Journal of Personality Assessment. Expertiza sa se concentrează pe abordarea ontogenetică a personalității, fiind recunoscută pentru dezvoltarea unor metodologii de evaluare care transformă conceptele psihodinamice în variabile măsurabile, contribuind semnificativ la literatura de specialitate prin numeroase articole de cercetare și monografii fundamentale.

Descriere scurtă

Integrating theory, research, and practical applications, this timely book provides a comprehensive examination of defense mechanisms and their role in both normal development and psychopathology. The author describes how children and adults mobilize specific kinds of defenses to maintain their psychological equilibrium and preserve self-esteem, particularly in situations of trauma or stress. Many lucid examples illustrate what these mechanisms look like in everyday life; the impact of age, gender, and personality differences; what happens when defenses are used maladaptively; and how they are affected by psychotherapy. Challenges in assessment are considered, and empirically supported instruments and approaches are discussed in depth.

Cuprins

I. Defenses in Everyday Life
1. Introduction
2. Development of Defenses
II. A Closer Look at Three Defenses
3. Denial
4. Projection
5. Identification
III. Defense Mechanisms in Action
6. Defenses in Childhood: Stress and Psychopathology
7. Stress and Defense Use in Adulthood
8. Defenses and Personality
9. Gender Differences and Defenses
10. Studying Defenses over Time: Longitudinal Studies
IV. Defenses and Psychopathology
11. Defenses and Psychopathology in Adult Community and Student Samples
12. Defenses and Psychopathology in Adult Psychiatric Patients
13. Defenses and Psychotherapy
14. Case Studies
V. Assessment of Defenses
15. Explaining the Defense Mechanism Manual
16. Other Approaches to Assessing Defense Mechanisms

Recenzii

In this comprehensive, well-organized, and lucid book, Cramer draws on her own extensive work and that of other investigators to show how defense mechanisms appear and replace each other in the course of development; how different defenses are related to gender, to personality, and to different kinds and degrees of pathology; and how these unconscious phenomena are measured. This book would be an excellent main or supplemental text for many courses in personality and clinical psychology.--Ravenna Helson, PhD, University of California, Berkeley

Cramer presents a fascinating program of research and theory on developmental and clinical aspects of defense mechanisms. All students of personality--and all clinicians, regardless of theoretical orientation--will enrich their understanding of the core role that defenses play. Written in a clear and compelling manner, this book helps us understand how denial, projection, and identification are manifested in normal development and in psychopathology. This book makes an important contribution to a developmentally informed approach to mental disorders.--Robert L. Leahy, PhD, American Institute for Cognitive Therapy

This book presents a wise and elegant synthesis of what is known about the nature, development, assessment, and real-life implications of defense mechanisms in childhood and adulthood, by one of the premier researchers in this area. Cramer deftly interweaves information on the rich research base on psychological defense with insights gleaned from literature, clinical encounters with patients, and detailed case studies. The book should be equally useful to personality researchers and practicing clinicians and would be an excellent resource for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses in personality, assessment, and psychotherapy. In short, this book should be of use to anyone who wants to understand more deeply the ways--both healthy and damaging--that children and adults cope with the stresses and challenges of daily life.--Rebecca L. Shiner, PhD, Colgate University

This book is a unique combination of groundbreaking research, sweeping scholarship, and powerful clinical case studies. Cramer convincingly reasserts the central role of defense in any theory of personality, making this book essential reading for clinicians, researchers, and all those involved in the study of human development and personality.--Jack Novick, PhD, International Psychoanalytic Association

Cramer has given us perhaps the most thorough review to date of theory and research on the development of defense mechanisms. Her work takes us through the early psychoanalytic roots through the most modern empirical efforts and theoretical perspectives. The book is impressive in scope, integrating the role of defenses in normal development and in psychopathology, which helps to make it an exemplary contribution to the field of developmental psychopathology. Cramer brings her ideas to life with examples from clinical experience, myths, and fairy tales. Not only is this book an informative reference for researchers, theorists and clinicians, but it is also a joy to read.--David W. Evans, PhD, Bucknell University
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Any serious student of human behavior—whether it be a clinician, a researcher, a health/mental health provider or the otherwise curious—will benefit from this book and the wisdom it imparts. The fact that Cramer's work is solidly evidence-based makes it a major contribution to the understanding of human psychodynamics.
--Bulletin of the Menninger Clinic, 5/20/2006ƒƒ
This book will be one in a series of conceptual milestones on defenses....Cramer marks the growth of our knowledge about the way defenses develop and work. She updates our understanding of some defenses, their development and functions, and offers various research measures to assess defense mechanisms. In addition, she shows how treatment outcome can be measured in terms of defense maturation....The core of this book is the three decades of careful development research on three defenses, documenting defense development, and change in some clinical populations. This will endure. Our discipline benefits from this author's dedication, thoughtfulness, and care.
--International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 5/20/2006ƒƒ
Its completeness suggests its potential usefulness to graduate students in psychology. It should also interest psychodynamic therapists concerned with the evidentiary basis for some of the Freudian concepts that they use daily.
--The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 5/20/2006ƒƒ
I can think of no easier or better way to describe this book than to say that it is extraordinary. It is by far the best book on psychological defenses since George Valliant's (1977) Adaptation to Life....Synthesizes a vast array of research data, makes important conceptual distinctions that clarify sometimes muddled and often contrary findings, and, in the process, establishes a new standard of clarity and probity for research on the interaction among personality, development, and psychopathology. It is as invaluable to the researcher as it is to the clinician and bridges that all too common divide between them....Because it is so well documented and broad in its acquaintance with the field, this book is indispensable for both researchers and clinicians. It would serve as an excellent text in a graduate course on experimental psychopathology, and clinical interns would find in it a new way to assess and listen to clients and thus to tailor their interventions.
--PsycCRITIQUES, 5/20/2006

Notă biografică

Phebe Cramer, PhD, until her death in 2021, was Professor of Psychology Emeritus at Williams College, where she joined the faculty in 1970. Dr. Cramer published more than 90 research articles and five books, on topics including defense mechanisms, narcissism, and longitudinal personality development. She was a recipient of the Bruno Klopfer Award from the Society for Personality Assessment and the Murray–Helson Award from the Association for Research in Personality. At Williams, Dr. Cramer was the first woman to hold the position of full professor, the first to chair a department, and the first tenured female professor in the psychology department, and she cofounded a committee that fought for and won salary equity and maternity leave for women. In addition to teaching and research, she maintained a private clinical psychology practice for much of her career and held staff positions in hospitals and institutes.