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Preparing for War: The Making of the Geneva Conventions de Boyd van Dijk

Preparing for War: The Making of the Geneva Conventions: The History and Theory of International Law

Autor Boyd van Dijk
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 3 feb 2022

După parcurgerea acestei lucrări, veți fi capabili să deconstruiți mecanismele politice reale care stau la baza dreptului internațional umanitar, înțelegând că legislația conflictelor armate nu este doar un produs al compasiunii, ci un instrument de strategie politică. Găsim în Preparing for War o perspectivă revizionistă esențială: redactorii Convențiilor de la Geneva din 1949 nu au fost doar observatori pasivi șocați de ororile războiului, ci arhitecți pragmatici care au trasat contururile viitoarelor confruntări. Suntem de părere că această abordare schimbă fundamental modul în care percepem legitimitatea violenței statale și protecția civililor.

Notăm cu interes rigoarea cu care Boyd van Dijk analizează controversele dintre blocurile de putere — de la cel vestic și estic până la statele din „Lumea a Treia”. Dacă The Fourth Geneva Convention for Civilians de Dr Gilad Ben-Nun v-a oferit cadrul teoretic și fundamentele protecției umanitare, această carte oferă instrumentele practice pentru a înțelege negocierile de culise și modul în care interesele naționale au dictat cine este considerat „țintă legitimă”. Stilul narativ este unul dens, academic, dar extrem de clar, susținut de o documentare de arhivă impresionantă care expune tensiunile dintre idealul umanizării războiului și realitatea legalizării acestuia.

Această lucrare se înscrie în linia preocupărilor autorului pentru istoria juridică și politică a tratatelor internaționale, consolidând temele explorate în seria The History and Theory of International Law. Boyd van Dijk reușește să demonstreze că, prin crearea unei „plase de siguranță juridice”, comunitatea internațională nu a căutat doar să prevină războiul, ci s-a pregătit în mod activ pentru el, definind regulile unui joc pe care spera să nu fie nevoită să îl joace, dar ale cărui mize rămân extrem de actuale.

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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780198868071
ISBN-10: 0198868073
Pagini: 400
Dimensiuni: 162 x 240 x 25 mm
Greutate: 0.74 kg
Editura: OUP OXFORD
Colecția OUP Oxford
Seria The History and Theory of International Law

Locul publicării:Oxford, United Kingdom

De ce să citești această carte

Recomandăm această carte profesioniștilor din domeniul dreptului internațional, diplomaților și istoricilor care doresc să treacă dincolo de discursul idealist despre drepturile omului. Cititorul câștigă o înțelegere profundă a modului în care se negociază normele globale în condiții de presiune politică extremă. Este un instrument indispensabil pentru a decoda complexitatea conflictelor contemporane prin prisma fundamentelor juridice stabilite în 1949.

Despre autor

Boyd van Dijk este un istoric și cercetător specializat în istoria dreptului internațional și a relațiilor internaționale. Prin lucrarea de față, publicată de prestigioasa editură OUP OXFORD, el se afirmă ca o voce critică importantă în studiul originilor normelor care guvernează conflictele armate. Expertiza sa se concentrează pe arhivele diplomatice și pe modul în care interacțiunile dintre marile puteri și statele emergente au modelat arhitectura juridică a lumii postbelice. Contribuția sa la seria The History and Theory of International Law este recunoscută pentru rigoarea documentară și pentru capacitatea de a reinterpreta momente cheie ale istoriei juridice moderne.

Descriere

The 1949 Geneva Conventions are the most important rules for armed conflict ever formulated. To this day they continue to shape contemporary debates about regulating warfare, but their history is often misunderstood. For most observers, the drafters behind these treaties were primarily motivated by liberal humanitarian principles and the shock of the atrocities of the Second World War. This book tells a different story, showing how the final text of the Conventions, far from being an unabashedly liberal blueprint, was the outcome of a series of political struggles among the drafters. It also concerned a great deal more than simply recognizing the shortcomings of international law revealed by the experience of war. To understand the politics and ideas of the Conventions' drafters is to see them less as passive characters responding to past events than as active protagonists trying to shape the future of warfare. In many different ways, they tried to define the contours of future battlefields by deciding who deserved protection and what counted as a legitimate target. Outlawing illegal conduct in wartime did as much to outline the concept of humanized war as to establish the legality of waging war itself. Through extensive archival research and critical legal methodologies, Preparing for War establishes that although they did not seek war, the Conventions' drafters prepared for it by means of weaving a new legal safety net in the event that their worst fear should materialize, a spectre still haunting us today.

Recenzii

Preparing for War. The Making of the Geneva Conventions offers us a thick historical contextualization of pressing issues.
In sum, van Dijk's reverse-weaving provides us a much more nuanced picture of not only what was included but also of what was excluded from the fabric of the 1949 Conventions. It offers, I suggest, an illustrative template of what contemporary international legal history should look like as it brings together the lessons learned from more than two decades of rich scholarship on the relationship between comparative legal history, on the one hand, and politics, the theory and history of international law, and imperialism, on the other.
The best legal history illuminates outcomes while resisting celebratory or cynical determinism. Dr van Dijk's new history of the Geneva Conventions and humanitarianism in war is a masterpiece of methodological and conceptual sophistication. Through meticulous archival research and critical analysis, van Dijk recovers a multitude of voices and possibilities in the making of the law of war we have, and the ways we might imagine its unrealized potential.
In Preparing for War, Boyd van Dijk provides a most welcome update to the history of international humanitarian law. The hallmark of this deeply researched analysis of the 1949 Geneva Conventions is its simultaneous attention to politics and history. In exposing the constant tension between politics and humanitarianism, van Dijk reminds us of the perpetually unfinished nature of the project of humanizing war.
Van Dijk's riveting book is the culmination of a decade of new histories of international law, marking the arrival of professional research methods and independent critical analysis to the study of international law's most hallowed texts: the Geneva Conventions. Van Dijk's account of the drafting of the Conventions reveals them to be the products not merely of humanitarian ideals inspired by the horrors of war, but also of fierce Cold War contests and colonial rivalries. Highly recommended.
Nothing was inevitable in the drafting of the Geneva Conventions, Boyd van Dijk argues in this important and exciting revisionist work. The author's expansive multi-lingual archival research enables him to reconceive this history by tracing the genealogy of the drafting, revealing the Articles' contingency. Drafters had directly experienced the brutality of total war, and this informed their efforts to protect civilians. Women, like French resistance fighter Andrée Jacob, played crucial roles. Cold War politics mattered, but adversaries nevertheless collaborated on matters that served their common interests. This outstanding work will influence the next generation of writing on the Geneva Conventions.
Boyd van Dijk has written a superb political and legal history of the making of the four Geneva Conventions.
Preparing for War is a fascinating read. Dr Boyd van Dijk takes us to the heart of the negotiations and lets us see into the minds of the key players.
Van Dijk's book is excellent for exposing this dynamic in relation to the geneva conventions and for unearthing some of the politics behind those crucial treaties. Preparing for War is a compelling read. It is powerfully written and offers us the richest and most nuanced account of the negotiations leading to adoption of the Geneva Conventions currently on offer.
Preparing for War - The Making of the Geneva Conventions is a book no international humanitarian law scholar should miss. It is a truly interdisciplinary piece of scholarship, which masterfully handles history, political science and international law in telling the story of the drafting and negotiation of the 1949 Geneva Conventions.
Boyd van Dijk's Preparing for War offers a rich historical account of the drafting process of the 1949 Geneva Conventions which goes beyond the usual triumphalist rhetoric and uncovers the behind the scenes strategies, struggles and coincidences.
Boyd van Dijk has done an invaluable job. He presents in detail the diverse controversies and opposing opinions amongst different states, whether in or outside the Western, Eastern, or 'Third World' blocs, that arose during the discussion and writing of the fourth Convention and rewriting the first, second and third. In doing so he made his book a priceless contribution to the history of humanitarianism, the laws of warfare, the Red Cross, and international relations.

Notă biografică

Boyd van Dijk is a McKenzie Fellow at the University of Melbourne, Australia. He taught previously at the London School of Economics, King's College London, Queen Mary, and the University of Amsterdam.