This history of the black community of Indianapolis in the 20th century focuses onmethods of political action--protracted negotiations, interracial coalitions, petition, andlegal challenge--employed to secure their civil rights. These methods of “polite pro-test”set Indianapolis apart from many Northern cities. Richard B. Pierce looks at howthe black community worked to alter the political and social culture of Indianapolis. Aslocal leaders became concerned with the city’s image, black leaders found it possible toachieve gains by working with whites inside the existing power structure, while continuing to press for further reform and advancement. Pierce describes how Indianapolis differed from its Northern cousins such as Milwaukee, Chicago, and Detroit. Here, the city’s people, black and white, created their own patterns and platforms of racial relations in the public and cultural spheres.Richard B. Pierce is The Carl E. Koch II Assistant Professor of History at theUniversity of Notre Dame.