This special issue of the international journal of cosmic physics, Astrophysics and Space Science, contains invited contributions delivered at the Second IEEE International Workshop on Plasma Astrophysics and Cosmology, held from 10 to 12 May 1993 in Princeton, New Jersey. The Workshop was sponsored by the NSF Division of Atmospheric Sciences, NASA Headquarters, Space Physics Division, and the Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. It was the purpose of the Workshop to update topics in Plasma Astrophysics and Cosmology presented at the First IEEE International Workshop on Plasma Cosmology, La Jolla, California, 20-22 February 1989, and to again bring together observers and theorists to discuss the related links between plasma theory and observation. Another goal of the Workshop and these proceedings was to highlight the Centennial Celebration (1896-1996) of the founding of Plasma Astrophysics and Cosmology and several papers are devoted to the history of this field of science.