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Paramilitary Violence in the Post-Ottoman Borderlands: Pro-state Militias and Nation-Building, 1905-1949

Editat de Ümit Kurt, Spyros Tsoutsoumpis
en Limba Engleză Hardback – 24 dec 2026
This book examines the emergence, activities and legacies of pro-state paramilitarism in the late and post-Ottoman borderlands during the era of the European civil war (1905-1949). This period was marked by profound violence and acute ethno-political transformation spurred on by the decline and eventual fall of the Ottoman empire and the emergence of a wide array of national and transnational political projects variably shaped by ethnic nationalism, fascism, and socialism. The chapters in this book examine the backstories, trajectories and activities of those who fought in the name of the various ethno-statal agendas, paramilitaries, gang leaders, bandits, and other pro-state actors, across the periphery of the empire and including understudied areas such as Kosovo, Montenegro, North-Western Greece. The book reveals the organization, patterns and logic of ethnic victimization, and the impact of ethnic and paramilitary mobilization in the governance structures and political institutions on the societies at the receiving end of violence. This approach offers new insights into the motivations of pro-state armed actors and challenges state-centric narratives on the history and legacy of nation-building, violence and paramilitary mobilization in the embattled borderlands of the Balkans, the Caucasus and Anatolia.
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Specificații

ISBN-13: 9780755654468
ISBN-10: 0755654463
Pagini: 272
Dimensiuni: 156 x 234 mm
Editura: Bloomsbury Publishing
Colecția I.B.Tauris
Locul publicării:London, United Kingdom

Cuprins

Foreword and Acknowledgments

1. Introduction, Spyros Tsoutsoumpis (The University of Manchester, UK)
and Ümit Kurt (University of Newcastle, Australia)

Section 1: Plunging into the abyss: Paramilitarism in the era of the Greater War (1905-1922)

2. Tribal Alliances, State Security, and Violence in the Ottoman Eastern Borderlands: The Hamidiye Light Cavalry Regiments as Paramilitary Forces, Edip Gölbasi (Leipzig University, Germany)
3. The Ottoman Special Organization's Activities in the South Caucasus Borderlands and the Participation of Local Muslims in Genocidal Killings, Candan Badem (Independent Scholar)
4. Young Bosnia Between Democracy and Paramilitarism: Serbia, Austria-Hungary, and the Evolution of Militant Irredentism from the Annexation Crisis to the Sarajevo Assassination, Edin Hajdarpasic (Loyola University Chicago, USA)
5. Ottoman Fedaîism, Caucasian Paramilitarism: The Revolutionism of Nikol Douman (1890-1914), Varak Ketsemanian (American University of Beirut, Lebanon)
6. The Political Economy of Late Ottoman Paramilitarism: Violence, Looting and the Destruction of the Aintab Armenians, Ümit Kurt (University of Newcastle, Australia)
7. (Para-)Military Entrepreneurship in Southeastern Europe amid the Greater War, Jovo Miladinovic (University of Konstanz, Germany)
8. Paramilitarism in the Early 20th Century Serbia. From Revolutionary Movement to Quasi-state Paramilitaries, Dmitar Tasic (Institute for Recent History, Belgrade, Serbia)


Section 2: A violent interregnum: Paramilitarism between the wars (1923-1939)

9. Anatomy of an Assassination: the 1928 Parliament Killings and the Paramilitarized Politics of Interwar Yugoslavia, John Paul Newman (Maynooth University, Ireland)
10. Outlaws, Bureaucrats, and the Gallows: Desertion, Brigandage, and Capital Punishment in Turkey's Early Republican Period, Ahmet Özcan (Gedik University, Turkey)
11. The Guiding Apparatus of the Zilan Massacre: Militias (1930-1950), Sedat Ulugana (Independent Scholar)


Section 3: Once more unto the breach: Paramilitarism during the Second World War and the early Cold War Period (1940-1949)

12. "For Nation and Fatherland": Anti-Communist Kapetans in Greek Macedonia (1941-1944), Stratos N. Dordanas (University of Thessaloniki, Greece) and Vaios Kalogrias (Independent Scholar)
13. Armed collaboration in Italy's occupation areas of the Balkans during the Second World War, Paolo Fonzi (University of Eastern Piedmont, Italy)
14. Paramilitary organization of Vlachs and Italo-Romanian Rivalry in Nazi-Occupied Greece, Charalambos Gappas (The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA)
15. Paramilitarism after the Second World War: The Case of Greece, Spyros Tsoutsoumpis (The University of Manchester, UK)


Afterward: Intrigue Aboard the Savarona: The Long Arc of Ottoman Paramilitarism, Ryan Gingeras (Naval Postgraduate School in California, USA)

Recenzii

This excellent volume skilfully illuminates the shadowy world of pro-state paramilitarism in the borderlands of the late and post-Ottoman world. With in-depth analyses of paramilitaries, bandits, and ethnic violence across the Balkans, Caucasus, and Anatolia, it challenges state-centric narratives and delivers an innovative contribution to understanding nation-building, ethnic victimisation, and the lasting legacies of paramilitary mobilisation in this part of the world.
This wide-ranging and innovative set of studies from the Balkans to the Caucasus offers a new vantage point on the relationship between paramilitary violence, state formation, and political culture in the late-Ottoman and post-Ottoman worlds. By questioning established periodizations of the transformation from empire to nation-states and highlighting the roles of local actors, contributors compel readers to reconsider familiar narratives of these turbulent decades as well as how later generations have memorialized and mythologized paramilitary groups in national histories, a timely project indeed.