Nobody has ever been there, and no one ever will. It is far too far away So how do we know how it works? The aim of this handbook is to acquaint those interested in the subject with our present knowledge of the Sun, and the methods used by scientists and astronomers to get an understanding of the workings of this, our nearest star. The handbook does not assume any basic knowledge of astronomy or solar astrophysics and is ideally suited to anyone just starting and wishing to take up the study or is merely curious, yet it is comprehensive enough to appeal to those with some knowledge of the subject. Mathematics are avoided, though some simple formulae are given for those interested and by way of explanation. This handbook will provide a sound foundation in the subject which will then allow the novice solar astronomer to explore this fascinating field of science further.