In contemporary times, oil is one of the most crucial non-renewable sources of energy. Exploration and extraction of oil is a complex process. The task of managing oil resources is challenging, thus it becomes important to discover and implement innovative technologies. This book covers all the important areas within petroleum science and crude oil exploration such as reservoir simulations, subsurface analysis and drilling technology. It outlines various advanced techniques of extraction and the cost involved. The aim of this book is to serve as a great source of information for students, geoscientists, researchers and engineers engaged in the petroleum industry.