Nuclear physics delves into the study of atomic nuclei along with their interactions and constituents. It also includes the study of other forms of nuclear matter such as protons and neutrons. Nuclear physics is the sub-field of physics, which is applied in many other fields such as nuclear medicine, nuclear power, ion implantation in materials engineering and magnetic resonance imaging. Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are taught in close association. Particle physics deals with the study of the nature of the particles that constitute matter and radiation. The current research in nuclear physics is focused on the study of nuclei under extreme conditions such as excitation energy and high spin. This book is a valuable compilation of topics, ranging from the basic to the most complex advancements in the field of nuclear physics. From theories to research to practical applications, case studies related to all contemporary topics of relevance to this field have been included herein. As this area of study is emerging at a rapid pace, the contents of this book will help the readers to understand the modern concepts and applications of the subject.