The Carleman linearization has become a new powerful tool in the study of nonlinear dynamical systems. Nevertheless, there is the general lack of familiarity with the Carleman embedding technique among those working in the field of nonlinear models. This book provides a systematic presentation of the Carleman linearization, its generalizations and applications. It also includes a review of existing alternative methods for linearization of nonlinear dynamical systems. There are probably no books covering such a wide spectrum of linearization algorithms. This book also gives a comprehensive introduction to the Kronecker product of matrices, whereas most books deal with it only superficially. The Kronecker product of matrices plays an important role in mathematics and in applications found in theoretical physics.