This book combines a Nietzschean reading of Proust's novel A la recherche du temps perdu with a Proustian reading of time and transcendence in Nietzsche's philosophy. Drawing in particular on Gilles Deleuze's early studies of the two writers, it argues (against Jacques Derrida and Julia Kristeva) that they pursue a parallel programme of overcoming post-Kantian idealism through an emphasis on the materiality of the body and the 'genealogy' of its interpretations. 'Proust's perspectivism' is analysed in the context of Nietzsche's radical epistemological relativism, the key themes of involuntary memory and eternal recurrence are read together as elements in a shared aesthetics of self-creation, and in conclusion the complex temporalities of Nietzsche and Proust's 'untimely' texts are shown to issue into the problematics of the 'postmodern'.