Neonatal sepsis remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among infants in the first month of life, imposing a significant socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems. Despite advances in neonatology and intensive care, as well as a notable reduction in infant mortality in many countries—including the Russian Federation—neonatal sepsis and septic shock can still prove fatal, particularly when caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens. The risk of adverse outcomes and the development of chronic conditions is highest in premature infants with low or extremely low birth weight, a group in which sepsis-related mortality remains high, with most deaths occurring during the early neonatal period. This underscores the ongoing need for further research into effective strategies for the early diagnosis and treatment of neonatal sepsis and septic shock. Written by a team of neonatologists and intensivists, this book presents current knowledge on the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of neonatal sepsis. It draws on the findings of modern research and will undoubtedly prove invaluable to all specialists involved in the care of newborns with severe infections, sepsis, and septic shock, with the goal of improving clinical outcomes and preventing neonatal deaths.