The inverse relationship between the population growth and the availability of natural resources has made disciplines like natural resources engineering extremely relevant. This book discusses the fundamentals as well as modern approaches of natural resource engineering. Essential aspects and theories on a diverse array of topics, such as environmental assessment and management, sustainable use and recycling of natural resources, environmental protection, etc. have been elucidated in this book. This book aims to expand the scope of research in this field and aid its progress. It will serve as a resource guide for students, environmentalists, ecologists, engineers, and anyone else who might be interested in pursuing this field further.