Nanotechnology, a term encompassing nanoscale science, engineering and technology, is focused on understanding, controlling and exploiting the unique properties of matter than can emerge at scales of 1 to 100 nanometers. A key issue before Congress regarding nanotechnology is how best to protect human health, safety, and the environment as nanoscale materials and products are researched, developed, manufactured, used, and discarded. While the rapidly emerging field of nanotechnology is believed by many to offer significant economic and societal benefits, some research results have raised concerns about the potential adverse environmental, health, and safety implications of nanoscale materials. This book explores the nanotechnology considerations facing the EPA and FDA today.