The applications of nanoscience and nanotechnology in the areas of biotechnology, electronics, integrated circuits, chemistry, materials science, etc. are constantly increasing. Thus, the study of nanostructured materials is also becoming a core part of many sciences and engineering disciplines. This book investigates the recent developments and challenges in nanoscience and nanotechnology. It aims to elucidate various experimental tools to understand nanomaterials. The chapters included in this book have undergone a tremendous reviewing process. This book will help students and researchers to better understand the vast field of nanoscience and technology.