Located in the North Western fringes of Africa, Morocco stretches from North to South on approximately 3000 kilometres of Atlantic coasts. It is a very diverse country, encompassing several landscapes, such as high mountains (e.g., the Atlas and the Rif) and various plains and oases. Chapter One addresses key features of Moroccos plant diversity, the originality and importance of this national plant heritage for the present and the future nationally and internationally in the light of growing threats and global environmental and political changes. The purpose of Chapter Two is to palliate to this issue by developing a spectrometric approach for monitoring soils and waters; an approach which is effective, fast, easy to implement and reliable. Chapter Three reports on the emerging challenges facing the Moroccan agricultural sector. Chapter Four describes some essential aspects marking the quantitative evolution of the Moroccan education system and presents the evolution of the main educational indicators. Chapter Five reports on the many efforts that have been made in recent decades in Morocco in the priority areas of sustainable development and the environment to promote a green and inclusive economy while taking into account the threefold aim of respecting the environment, fighting against poverty and sustaining the economic activity. Chapter Six will: 1) focus on sustainable development strategy adopted in the kingdom; 2) concentrate on the economic, social and health system components as health determinants, and finally discus relationships between health- sustainable development and climate change. Chapter Seven will clarify the theoretical concepts underlying the notion of the emergency and the time pressure and will appeal the exploration through a qualitative approach and use individual interviews with Moroccan SMEs managers in the empirical study in order to answer the question.